基于SSR标记对69份玉米种质资源的遗传多样性分析  

Genetic Diversity Analysis of 69 Maize Germplasm Resources Based on SSR Markers

作　　者：常宏兵 王晨 何美敬 曹熙敏[1] 俞凤芳[1] 曹晓良 宋炜[2] 吕爱枝[1] Chang Hongbing;Wang Chen;He Meijing;Cao Ximin;Yu Fengfang;Cao Xiaoliang;Song Wei;LüAizhi(Hebei North University,Zhangjiakou 075000,Hebei,China;Institute of Grain and Oil Crops,Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Shijiazhuang 050000,Hebei,China)

机构地区：[1]河北北方学院,河北张家口075000 [2]河北省农林科学院粮油作物研究所,河北石家庄050000

出　　处：《作物杂志》2025年第2期47-53,共7页Crops

基　　金：河北省重点研发计划项目现代种业科技创新专项(21326319D,22326317D);河北省教育厅基本科研业务费(JYT2023010)。

摘　　要：为了拓宽河北省玉米自交系的遗传基础,加快优异种质的开发与利用,利用SSR标记对39个自交系和30个品种进行遗传多样性分析。结果表明,32个多态性SSR标记共扩增出97个等位基因,平均每对引物扩增3个等位基因,多态性位点百分率为68.75%。引物的平均有效等位基因数、香农信息指数、期望杂合度和PIC值分别为1.40、0.31、0.20和0.27。玉米群体的遗传距离介于0.103~0.844,自交系与河北省及北京市的品种基因交流最为密切,亲缘关系较近,遗传距离较小,分别为0.140和0.155,一定程度上呈现出遗传距离和地理距离的相关性。聚类分析将参试材料划为5个类群,自交系被明显区分开;东北三省、甘肃省及部分河北省与北京市的品种被聚为一类,且大部分品种育成地农作物为一年一熟,8个早熟品种紧密接近,说明SSR标记可以一定程度上区分出种质类型。自交系的遗传多样性最高且纯度较高,可以进一步选育利用。In order to broaden the genetic basis of maize inbred lines in Hebei province and accelerate the development and utilization of excellent germplasms,SSR markers were used to analyze genetic diversity of 39 inbred lines and 30 varieties.The results showed that a total of 97 alleles were amplified from 32 polymorphic SSR markers,with an average of three alleles amplified per primer pair.The percentage of polymorphic loci was 68.75%.The average number of effective alleles,Shannon information index,expected heterozygosity,and PIC values of the primers were 1.40,0.31,0.20,and 0.27,respectively.The genetic distance of the maize population ranged from 0.103 to 0.844,and the inbred lines had the closest genetic exchange with varieties from Hebei province and Beijing,with relatively close genetic relationships and smaller genetic distances of 0.140 and 0.155,respectively,showing a certain degree of correlation between genetic distance and geographical distance.The test materials were divided to five groups by cluster analysis,and the inbred lines were clearly distinguished;The varieties from the three northeast provinces of China,Gansu,and some parts of Hebei and Beijing were grouped together,and most of the cultivated crops in the region mature once a year.The eight early maturing varieties were closely related,indicating that SSR markers could to some extent distinguish germplasm types.The genetic diversity and purity of inbred lines are the highest,which can be further selected and utilized.

关 键 词：SSR标记 玉米 种质资源 遗传多样性 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]