种植密度和施肥对饲用型藜麦生长特性的影响  

Effects of Planting Density and Fertilization on Growth Characteristics of Forage Quinoa

作　　者：张圣昌 魏玉明[2] 马丽娜 杨钊 刘文瑜[2] 黄杰[2] 刘欢[1] 杨发荣 Zhang Shengchang;Wei Yuming;Ma Lina;Yang Zhao;Liu Wenyu;Huang Jie;Liu Huan;Yang Farong(College of Grassland Science,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,Gansu,China;Institute of Pasture and Green Agriculture,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou 730070,Gansu,China;Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou 730070,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学草业学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]甘肃省农业科学院畜草与绿色农业研究所,甘肃兰州730070 [3]甘肃省农业科学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《作物杂志》2025年第2期128-134,共7页Crops

基　　金：甘肃省农业农村厅科技支撑项目(KJZC-2023-14);甘肃农业大学青年导师基金资助项目(GAU-QDFC-2023-01);甘肃省农业科学院重点研发计划(2022GAAS19,2020GAAS31);甘肃省农业科学院生物育种专项(2022GAAS07)。

摘　　要：为了推进甘肃省天祝县饲用藜麦产业稳健可持续发展,提高藜麦的生物产量,降低藜麦倒伏率,通过大田裂区试验,选用藜麦品系1661-1作为材料,设置8.25万、11.85万、16.50万株/hm^(2)3个不同种植密度和0、300、450、600 kg/hm^(2)4个不同的施肥量,研究其对饲用藜麦农艺性状、产量及倒伏率的影响。结果表明,随着种植密度的增加,株高和倒伏率增加,茎粗、分枝数、单株生物产量、茎秆穿刺强度和茎秆强度逐渐减小;而随着施肥量增加,倒伏率逐渐增加,株高、茎粗、分枝数、生物产量、茎秆穿刺强度和茎秆强度呈先增加后下降的趋势。该藜麦品系在种植密度8.25万株/hm^(2)、施肥量450 kg/hm^(2)处理下,生物产量最高,为19333.33 kg/hm^(2),农艺性状较好,倒伏率较低。In order to promote the steady and sustainable development of quinoa industry in Tianzhu,Gansu,improve the biological yield of quinoa and reduce the lodge rate of quinoa,quinoa strain 1661-1 was chosen as the experimental material through field splitting experiment.The effects of three different planting densities of 8.25×10^(4),11.85×104,16.50×10^(4)plants/ha,and four different fertilization rates of 0,300,450,600 kg/ha on the agronomic traits,yield and lodging rate of quinoa were investigated.The results showed that with the increase of planting density,plant height and lodging rates increased,while stem diameter,branch number,biological yield per plant,stem puncture strength and stem strength gradually decreased.The lodging rate increased gradually with the increase of fertilizer application rate,and the plant height,stem diameter,branch number,biological yield,stem puncture strength and stem strength increased first and then decreased.The biological yield of this quinoa strain was 19333.33 kg/ha under the planting density of 8.25×10^(4)plants/ha and fertilizer application rate of 450 kg/ha,the agronomic characteristics were good,and the lodging rate was low.

关 键 词：饲用藜麦 农艺性状 种植密度 施肥量 倒伏率 

分 类 号：S512.4[农业科学—作物学]