不同光周期条件下寒地粳稻光周期敏感性评价  

Evaluation of Photoperiod Sensitivity of Japonica Rice in Cold Regions under Different Photoperiod Conditions

作　　者：赵富阳[1] 马波[1] 胡继芳[1] 谭可菲[1] 刘传增[1] 闫锋[1] 董扬[1] 侯晓敏 李清泉[1] 韩业辉[1] Zhao Fuyang;Ma Bo;Hu Jifang;Tan Kefei;Liu Chuanzeng;Yan Feng;Dong Yang;Hou Xiaomin;Li Qingquan;Han Yehui(Qiqihar Branch,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Qiqihar 161006,Heilongjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农业科学院齐齐哈尔分院,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161006

出　　处：《作物杂志》2025年第2期135-140,共6页Crops

基　　金：黑龙江省农业科学院院级课题(2020FJZX027)。

摘　　要：在海南三亚和黑龙江齐齐哈尔2个不同日照长度的生态区连续2年对20个寒地主栽粳稻品种的株高、茎蘖数、基角、开张角、叶长、叶弦长、叶宽、披垂度、披垂角、抽出度、第一节间长、茎基宽等主要农艺性状进行调查,通过比较分析12个农艺性状的相对光周期敏感性,并用回归分析方法评价了农艺性状对光周期敏感性的响应,进而筛选能较为准确反映出水稻的光周期敏感性指标,为水稻光周期敏感性的遗传分析定位研究提供理论基础。结果表明,各指标对光周期相对敏感程度依次是披垂度(85.88)、叶弦长(83.45)、叶长(82.69)、第一节间长(70.26)、茎基宽(70.10)、基角(58.28)、开张角(56.42)、披垂角(53.16)、茎蘖数(26.81)、株高(17.62)、叶宽(-15.88)和抽出度(-17.24)。基于各性状综合指标的回归分析及农艺性状的相对敏感度分析得出,叶长和披垂度可以作为反映光周期敏感程度的指标,而抽出度对光周期敏感程度的反应较弱而不适合作为反映水稻对光周期敏感程度的评价指标。为了更好地对参试品种光周期敏感性进行综合分级评价,对参试品种D值进行聚类分析,可将20个供试品种初步划分为3个类群,类群I为光周期高度敏感品种,类群Ⅱ为中等光周期敏感品种,类群Ⅲ为光周期低敏感品种。This study investigated the plant height,tiller number,basal angle,opening angle,leaf length,leaf chord length,leaf width,drape degree,drape angle,extraction degree,first internode length,stem base width,and other major agronomic traits of 20 japonica rice varieties grown in cold regions for two consecutive years in two ecological areas with different sunshine lengths in Sanya,Hainan and Qiqihar,Heilongjiang.By comparing and analyzing the relative photoperiod sensitivity of 12 agronomic traits,and using regression analysis method to evaluate the response of agronomic traits to photoperiod sensitivity,and indicators that can accurately reflect the photoperiod sensitivity of rice were further screened,providing a theoretical basis for genetic analysis and localization of rice photoperiod sensitivity.The results showed that the relative sensitivity of each indicator to photoperiod was as follows:drape degree(85.88),leaf chord length(83.45),leaf length(82.69),the length of first internode(70.26),stem base width(70.10),base angle(58.28),opening angle(56.42),drape angle(53.16),tiller number(26.81),plant height(17.62),leaf width(-15.88),and extraction degree(-17.24).Based on regression analysis of comprehensive indicators of various traits and relative sensitivity analysis of agronomic traits,it was found that leaf length and drape can be used as indicators of photoperiod sensitivity,while extraction degree had a weak response to photoperiod sensitivity and was not suitable for evaluation indicators of photoperiod sensitivity in rice.In order to better evaluate the comprehensive grading of the photosensitivity of the tested varieties,the Ward method in SPSS software was used to perform cluster analysis on the D values of the tested varieties.The 20 tested varieties can be preliminarily divided into three groups:group I is highly photosensitive varieties,group II is moderately photosensitive varieties,and group III is low photosensitive varieties.

关 键 词：粳稻 农艺性状 光周期敏感性 综合评价 主成分分析 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]