生物炭耦合芽孢杆菌对小白菜根际养分及细菌群落的影响  

Effects of Biochar Combined with Bacillus on Soil Nutrients and Bacterial Communities in the Rhizosphere of Pakchoi

作　　者：李启彪 张雪姣 徐磊[1,2] 胡永华 徐志军 Li Qibiao;Zhang Xuejiao;Xu Lei;Hu Yonghua;Xu Zhijun(Zhanjiang Experiment Station,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Science,Zhanjiang 524000,Guangdong,China;Guangdong Modern Agriculture Cultivated Land Conservation and Water-Saving Agriculture Industrial Technology Research and Development Center,Zhanjiang 524000,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院湛江实验站,广东湛江524000 [2]广东省省级现代农业耕地保育与节水农业产业技术研发中心,广东湛江524000

出　　处：《作物杂志》2025年第2期207-214,共8页Crops

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金(321QN348);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(1630102023002,1630102023001)。

摘　　要：为明确生物炭基菌肥对小白菜种植土壤肥力及根际细菌多样性的影响,采用盆栽培养试验,研究空白对照(CK)、无菌培养基对照(SM)、生物炭对照(BC)、特基拉芽孢杆菌菌液(BT)、生物炭耦合特基拉芽孢杆菌(BTBC)5个处理下小白菜生长指标、土壤肥力及根际细菌组成。结果表明,BTBC处理下小白菜鲜重显著高于CK、SM、BC、BT处理,增幅分别为161.7%、49.9%、10.7%和12.1%;BTBC处理较CK显著提高了土壤的pH、碱解氮、速效钾、有机质及阳离子交换量,提高幅度分别为16.7%、10.1%、31.7%、41.4%和23.7%。BTBC处理显著增加了根际细菌群落的丰度与多样性,较BT处理更有效促进了特基拉芽孢杆菌在土壤中的定殖,并提高了与土壤碳氮循环相关的黄色土壤杆菌属、出芽单胞菌属、慢生根瘤菌属和鞘氨醇单胞菌属的丰度。因此,生物炭耦合芽孢杆菌可有效提高土壤肥力与根际促生细菌丰度,有更好的促生增产效果。In order to investigate the effects of biochar-based biofertilizer on the soil nutrients and rhizosphere bacterial diversity of Brassica rapa L.var.Shanghaiqing,a pot cultivation experiment was conducted.The growth indicators,soil fertility,and rhizosphere bacterial composition of pakchoi under five treatments,namely blank control(CK),sterile culture medium control(SM),biochar control(BC),Bacillus tequilensis bacterial solution(BT),and biochar combined with B.tequilensis treatment(BTBC),were studied.The results showed that the fresh weight of pakchoi under the BTBC treatment was significantly higher than that under CK,SM,BC,and BT treatments,with the increases of 161.7%,49.9%,10.7%,and 12.1%,respectively.Compared to the CK,the BTBC treatment significantly increased soil pH,alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen,available potassium,organic matter and cation exchange capacity,with the increases of 16.7%,10.1%,31.7%,41.4%,and 23.7%,respectively.BTBC treatment significantly increased the abundance and diversity of rhizosphere bacterial communities.Compared with the BT treatment,it was more effective in promoting the colonization of B.tequilensis in soil and enhancing the abundances of Flavisolibacter,Gemmatimanadales,Bradyrhizobium,and Sphingomonas,which were related to soil carbon and nitrogen cycling.Therefore,the biochar combined with Bacillus can effectively improve the soil fertility and rhizosphere bacteria abundance,resulting in better growth promotion and yield increase.

关 键 词：小白菜 根际促生菌 炭基菌肥 固氮 冗余分析 

分 类 号：S634.3[农业科学—蔬菜学]