外源甜菜碱对干旱胁迫下谷子萌发及幼苗生理特性的影响  

Effects of Exogenous Betaine on Germination and Seedling Physiological Characteristics of Foxtail Millet under Drought Stress

作　　者：侯晓敏 闫锋[1] 董扬[1] 赵富阳[1] 李清泉[1] 季生栋[1] 刘悦 兰英 Hou Xiaomin;Yan Feng;Dong Yang;Zhao Fuyang;Li Qingquan;Ji Shengdong;Liu Yue;Lan Ying(Qiqihar Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Qiqihar 161006,Heilongjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农业科学院齐齐哈尔分院,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161006

出　　处：《作物杂志》2025年第2期228-233,共6页Crops

基　　金：齐齐哈尔市科技计划创新激励项目(CNYGG-2023025);国家谷子高粱产业技术体系建设项目(CARS-06-14.5-B21)。

摘　　要：以谷子品种嫩选19号为材料,用18%聚乙二醇6000(PEG-6000)模拟干旱胁迫,通过种子萌发试验和盆栽试验分析了外源甜菜碱对干旱胁迫条件下谷子种子萌发指标、幼苗生长、抗氧化酶活性、膜脂过氧化及渗透调节物质含量的变化。结果表明,外源甜菜碱可显著提高干旱胁迫条件下谷子种子的发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数,增加株高、根长、幼苗地上部和根系的生物量,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)活性均显著提高,同时相对含水量、脯氨酸、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白含量升高。甜菜碱能有效降低谷子幼苗的根冠比、相对电导率和丙二醛(MDA)含量,降低膜脂过氧化程度。因此,外源甜菜碱能促进干旱胁迫条件下谷子种子的萌发和幼苗生长,促进渗透调节能力和抗氧化能力,从而有效缓解干旱胁迫对谷子生长发育的伤害。The foxfail millet varietyʻNenxuan 19ʼwas employed in this experiment,and 18%polyethylene glycol 6000(PEG-6000)was chosen to simulate drought stress.The changes of seed germination index,seedling growth,antioxidant enzyme activity,membrane lipid peroxidation and osmotic adjustment substance content of foxtail millet under drought stress condition were analyzed by seed germination test and pot experiment.The results showed that the exogenous betaine could significantly increased the germination rate,germination potential and germination index of foxtail millet seeds under drought stress,as well as increased plant height,root length,shoot and root biomass of seedlings,and the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD),catalase(CAT)and ascorbate peroxidase(APX)were significantly increased.At the same time,the relative water content,proline,soluble sugar and soluble protein contents were increased.Betaine could effectively reduce the root-shoot ratio,relative electrical conductivity and malondialdehyde(MDA)content of foxtail millet seedlings,and reduce the degree of membrane lipid peroxidation.Therefore,exogenous betaine can promote the germination and seedling growth of foxtail millet under drought stress,and promote osmotic adjustment ability and antioxidant ability,thus effectively alleviate the damage of drought stress to the growth and development of foxtail millet.

关 键 词：谷子 甜菜碱 干旱胁迫 萌发 抗氧化酶 

分 类 号：S515[农业科学—作物学]