海泡石和生物炭对水稻镉和砷吸收积累的影响  

Effects of Sepiolite and Biochar on the Uptake and Accumulation of Cadmium and Arsenic in Rice

作　　者：江素珍 许超[2] 王中元 郑沈 陈建国[1] 朱捍华[2] 黄道友[2] 张泉 朱奇宏[2] Jiang Suzhen;Xu Chao;Wang Zhongyuan;Zheng Shen;Chen Jianguo;Zhu Hanhua;Huang Daoyou;Zhang Quan;Zhu Qihong(College of Life Sciences and Technology,Central South University of Forestry and Technology,Changsha 410004,Hunan,China;Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region,Institute of Subtropical Agriculture,Chinese Academy of Sciences/Changsha Research Station for Agricultural&Environmental Monitoring,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changsha 410125,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学生命科学与技术学院,湖南长沙410004 [2]中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室/中国科学院长沙农业环境观测研究站,湖南长沙410125

出　　处：《作物杂志》2025年第2期241-248,共8页Crops

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(42177025);湖南省重点研发计划(2023NK2026);国家麻类产业技术体系(CARS-16-E09)。

摘　　要：为明确钝化材料(海泡石和生物炭)组配同步降低稻米镉(Cd)、砷(As)的调控机制,采用盆栽试验,研究海泡石(sepiolite,S)、生物炭(biochar,B)、海泡石和生物炭配施(SB,质量比1:1组配)对土壤有效态镉、砷含量、根表铁膜量及其镉、砷固定和水稻各部位镉、砷含量的影响。结果表明,与不施用钝化材料(CK)相比,施用钝化材料显著提高土壤pH,降低土壤有效态Cd含量,对有效态As含量无显著影响。S、B和SB处理土壤pH分别显著提高1.35、1.35和1.18,土壤有效态Cd含量分别显著降低32.6%、38.8%和21.8%。S、B和SB处理根表铁膜Cd含量分别显著降低58.5%、63.6%和55.0%。SB处理根表铁膜As含量显著提高47.2%,对稻田镉、砷复合污染的修复效果最好。稻米Cd与根表铁膜Cd和有效态Cd呈显著正相关,稻米As与根表铁膜As含量呈显著负相关,与茎As含量呈显著正相关。海泡石和生物炭配施同步降低稻米Cd和As含量。In order to clarify the regulatory mechanism of passivator material(sepiolite and biochar)combination to reduce Cd and As in rice,a pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of sepiolite(S),biochar(B),sepiolite and biochar combination(SB,mass ratio of 1:1)on the concentration of available Cd and As in soil,the formation of Fe plaque on root surface and its immobilization of Cd and As,and the concentration of Cd and As in rice tissues.The results showed that,compared with no passivator material,the application of passivator material significantly increased soil pH,reduced soil available Cd concentration,and had no significant effect on available As concentration.Compared with CK,the S,B and SB treatments significantly increased soil pH by 1.35,1.35 and 1.18,and significantly decreased soil available Cd by 32.6%,38.8%and 21.8%(P<0.05),respectively.The Cd concentration in iron plaque of the S,B,and SB treatments significantly decreased by 58.5%,63.6%and 55.0%,respectively.The SB treatment significantly increased the As concentration in iron plaque by 47.2%.The SB treatment had the best remediation effect on Cd and As compound pollution in paddy field.The Cd concentration in rice grains were significantly positively correlated with the concentration of Cd in iron plaque and available Cd in soil,and the As concentration in rice grains was significantly negatively correlated with the concentration of As in iron plaque,significantly positively correlated with the concentration of As in stems.The combination of sepiolite and biochar simultaneously reduced the Cd and As concentration in rice grains.

关 键 词：钝化材料 海泡石 生物炭 镉 砷 吸收 水稻 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]