14份芒果种质资源叶片解剖结构特征及抗旱性综合评价  

Leaf anatomical structure characteristics and comprehensive evaluation of drought resistance of 14 mango germplasm resources

作　　者：雷跃 林迓 高爱平[2] 刘凡值[1] 刘清国[1] 张正学[1] LEI Yue;LIN Ya;GAO Ai-ping;LIU Fan-zhi;LIU Qing-guo;ZHANG Zheng-xue(Guizhou Institute of Subtropical Crops,Guiyang 550025,China;Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Haikou 571101,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省亚热带作物研究所,贵阳550025 [2]中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所,海口571101

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2025年第2期250-258,共9页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD1100304);国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARs-31-25);贵州省农业科学院喀斯特山区作物基因资源与种质创新重点实验室(黔农科种质资源[2023]08号)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究不同芒果种质资源的抗旱性,为贵州抗旱芒果品种选育提供依据。【方法】以14份芒果种质资源的叶片为材料,通过石蜡切片观察11项叶片结构特征,结合主成分分析法、隶属函数法和聚类分析等方法综合评价各种质资源的抗旱性。【结果】14份芒果种质资源叶片结构指标的变异系数为9.32%~23.21%,各指标均存在不同程度的显著差异,其抗旱性度量值(D值)为0.384~1.571,可分为4大类:第1类抗旱性极强,包括金煌芒(1.571)和椰香芒(1.449);第2类抗旱性较强,包括红芒6号(1.313)、金穗芒(1.312)、新世纪芒(1.307)、金兴芒(1.292)和汤米芒(1.075);第3类抗旱性中等,包括台农1号(0.800)、桂热82号(0.750)、热农1号(0.683)、贵妃芒(0.673)、水仙芒(0.661)和澳芒(0.557);第4类抗旱性最弱,为贵芒18-01(0.384)。【结论】芒果抗旱性与其叶片结构特征密切相关,金煌芒和椰香芒的抗旱性最强,贵芒18-01抗旱性最弱。本研究结果可为芒果抗旱性评价和抗旱品种选育提供理论参考。【Objective】The drought resistance of different mango germplasm resources was explored to provide the basis for breeding drought-resistant mango varieties in Guizhou.【Method】The leaves of 14 mango germplasm resources were used as materials.11 leaf anatomical structural features were observed through paraffin sectioning,and the drought resistance of each resource was evaluated comprehensively by principal component analysis,membership function method and cluster analysis.【Result】The coefficient of variation of leaf structure indexes of 14 mango germplasm resources ranged from 9.32%-23.21%,and there were significant differences in each index.The drought-resistance measurement values(D values) ranged from 0.384 to 1.571,and could be divided into four categories.The first category had high drought resistance,including Jinhuang mango(1.571) and Yexiang mango(1.449).The second category had strong drought resistance,including Red mango No.6(1.313),Jinsui mango(1.312),Xinshiji mango(1.307),Jinxing mango(1.292) and Tangmi mango(1.075).The third category had moderate drought resistance,including Tainong No.1(0.800),Guire No.82(0.750),Renong No.1(0.683),Guifei mango(0.673),Shuixian mango(0.661) and Australia mango(0.557).The fourth category had weaker drought resistance,including Guimang18-01(0.384).【Conclusion】The drought resistance of mango is closely related to the structural characteristics of its leaves.Jinhuang mango and Yexiang mango have the strongest drought resistance,while Guimang 18-01 has the weakest drought resistance.The results of the study can provide theoretical reference for evaluating drought resistance and breeding drought resistant mango varieties.

关 键 词：芒果 种质资源 叶片解剖结构特征 抗旱性 品种选育 

分 类 号：S667.7[农业科学—果树学]