添加2种樟树叶片基质对牛樟芝生长及活性成分的影响  

Effects of adding two camphor tree leaves on growth and active ingredient of Antrodia cinnamomea

作　　者：余思廷 陈小涛 郑洋群 张颖[2] 朱国磊 郑元 YU Si-ting;CHEN Xiao-tao;ZHENG Yang-qun;ZHANG Ying;ZHU Guo-lei;ZHENG Yuan(Forestry College,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China;Yunnan Key Laboratory of Forest Disaster Warning and Control,Kunming 650224,China;College of Materials and Chemical Engineering,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China;College of Biology and Food Engineering,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学林学院,昆明650224 [2]云南省森林灾害预警与控制重点实验室,昆明650224 [3]西南林业大学材料与化学工程学院,昆明650224 [4]西南林业大学生物与食品工程学院,昆明650224

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2025年第2期275-284,共10页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金地区基金项目(32160736);云南省农业基础研究联合专项重点项目(202101BD070001-020);云南省基础研究计划面上项目(202101AT070044);“兴滇英才支持计划”青年人才专项(XDYC-QNRC-2022-0245)。

摘　　要：【目的】野生牛樟因盗采滥伐严重而濒临绝种,致使牛樟芝资源严重短缺,所以亟待对牛樟芝进行人工培养并寻找适宜的牛樟芝替代宿主植物,通过添加专性宿主牛樟和替代植物猴樟基质对珍稀药用真菌牛樟芝生长及活性成分的影响进行探究。【方法】采用固体黑暗恒温培养方式,在PDA培养基中添加牛樟和猴樟叶片匀浆基质各1.00 g/L,比较分析不同处理条件下牛樟芝菌丝体生长及活性成分的差异。通过运用硅胶柱、反相柱等多种色谱分离技术结合半制备高效液相色谱法分离单体化合物,并采用核磁共振技术鉴定其结构。【结果】添加2种樟树叶片基质培养基的牛樟芝菌丝体的生长速率、多酚含量、总三萜含量和超氧化物歧化酶活性均高于对照组。添加猴樟基质的菌落平均生长速度达2.68 mm/d,培养30 d后的菌落直径达81.01 mm,菌落颜色为橘黄色,多酚含量为1.24 mg/g,总三萜含量为11.97 mg/g,超氧化物歧化酶活性为291.39 U/g·FW,各项生长和生理生化指标均不同程度优于添加牛樟基质处理。因此,进一步对添加猴樟基质的牛樟芝菌丝体分离纯化得到10个单体化合物,其中化合物1为新菊素A(Neoechinulin A)在牛樟芝中首次发现,化合物(2)~(10)为系列苯环衍生物。【结论】2种樟树叶片基质添加对牛樟芝的生长及活性成分均有明显促进效果,且猴樟基质添加效果更优。【Objective】The wild Camphora kanahirae is on the verge of extinction due to the serious exploitation and deforestation,which leads to the serious shortage of Antrodia cinnamomea resources,so it is urgent to carry out artificial culture of A.cinnamomea and find suitable host plants,the effects of addition of a substrate of the specialized host Cinnamomum kanehirae and the alternative plant C.bodinieri on the growth and active components of the rare medicinal fungus A.cinnamomea.【Method】The solid dark constant temperature culture was used to add 1.00 g/L each of C.bodinieri and C.kanehirae leaf homogenate substrate to the PDA medium to comparatively analyze the differences in the growth of mycelia and active components of A.cinnamomea under different treatment conditions.The single compounds were separated by using various chromatographic separation techniques such as silica gel column and reversed-phase column combined with semi-preparative high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC),and their structures were characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR).【Result】The growth rate of mycelium,polyphenol content,total triterpene content and superoxide dismutase activity of the mycelium of the two camphor leaves-added A.cinnamomea were higher than those of the control group.The average growth rate of mycelium added with C.bodinieri leaves reached 2.68 mm/d,and the colony diameter reached 81.01 mm after 30 days of incubation,the color of colony was orange,the polyphenol content reached 1.24 mg/g,the total triterpene content was 11.97 mg/g,and the superoxide dismutase activity was 291.39 U/g·FW,all the growth and physiological and biochemical indexes were differently better than those of the treatment with the addition of bupleurum substrate.Therefore,further isolation and purification of the mycelium of A.cinnamomea with added C.bodinieri substrate yielded 10 monomeric compounds,of which compound 1 was Neoechinulin A(Neoechinulin A) first discovered in A.cinnamomea,and compounds(2) to(10) were a series

关 键 词：牛樟芝 猴樟 牛樟 活性成分 单体化合物 

分 类 号：S567.3[农业科学—中草药栽培]