羊板粪与颗粒有机肥配施对木里矿区退化草地植被及土壤特性的影响  

Effects of sheep slab manure with granular organic fertilizer on vegetation and soil properties of degraded grassland in Muli mining area

作　　者：于中阳 胡生斌 安晓婷 杨明春 姚喜喜 苏晓燕 李长慧[1] YU Zhong-yang;HU Sheng-bin;AN Xiao-ting;YANG Ming-chun;YAO Xi-xi;SU Xiao-yan;LI Chang-hui(College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China;College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学农牧学院,西宁810016 [2]青海大学畜牧兽医科学院,西宁810016

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2025年第2期384-393,共10页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC3201601)。

摘　　要：【目的】为提高木里矿区退化草地的土壤肥力,筛选出最佳羊板粪与颗粒有机肥配施量,促进矿区可持续修复。【方法】以高寒矿区退化草地为研究对象,选用羊板粪与颗粒有机肥作为试验材料,探讨羊板粪与颗粒有机肥配施对土壤养分、酶活性与植被特性的影响。【结果】羊板粪与颗粒有机肥配施可显著降低土壤容重和pH,提高土壤含水量,Y3K3处理土壤含水量高达50.55%,较Y0K0显著增加3.24倍。羊板粪与颗粒有机肥配施还显著增加土壤有机质、全碳、全氮、全磷、硝态氮和速效磷含量,提高土壤酶活性,其中Y2K3处理土壤全碳含量最高,为125.7 g/kg,显著高于Y0K0;Y2K2处理下土壤脲酶活性最高,较Y0K0处理提高37.3%,差异显著。羊板粪、颗粒有机肥分别单施也可提高上述养分含量,但提高效果显著低于二者配施。相关性分析表明,土壤养分含量与土壤酶活性(脲酶、碱性磷酸酶、过氧化氢酶、碱性蛋白酶)、植被特性(株高、盖度、密度)间存在显著正相关,与土壤容重、土壤pH间存在显著负相关。RDA分析不同施肥处理,土壤硝态氮和全氮是影响植被特性的主要环境因子;植被特性与pH和土壤容重呈负相关,与其他土壤因子均呈正相关。【结论】在高寒矿区退化草地上分别施用颗粒有机肥15 t/hm^(2)、羊板粪200 t/hm^(2)对土壤和植被群落修复效果最好。【Objective】The paper aimed to improve the soil fertility of degraded grassland in Muli mining area,the optimal dosage of sheep slab manure and granular organic fertilizer was screened to promote the sustainable restoration of the mining area.【Method】Taking the degraded grassland in alpine mining area as the research object,we selected sheep slab manure and granular organic fertilizer as the experimental materials to explore the effects of sheep slab manure and granular organic fertilizer on soil nutrients,enzyme activity and vegetation characteristics.【Result】Sheep slab manure with granular organic fertilizer could significantly reduce the soil weight and pH,increase soil water content,Y3K3 treatment soil water content up to 50.55%,compared with Y0K0 increased significantly by 3.24 times.Sheep slab manure with granular organic fertilizer also significantly increased soil organic matter,total carbon,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,nitrate nitrogen and quick-acting phosphorus content,and improved soil enzyme activity,of which Y2K3 treatment soil total carbon content was the highest at 125.7 g/kg,which was significantly higher than Y0K0;Soil urease activity was the highest under Y2K2 treatment,which was 37.3% higher than that of Y0K0 treatment,and the difference was significant.Sheep slab manure and granular organic fertilizer could also be applied alone to improve the above nutrient content,but the improvement effect was significantly lower than the two with the application.Correlation analysis showed significant positive correlations between soil nutrient content and soil enzyme activities(urease,alkaline phosphatase,catalase,alkaline protease),vegetation characteristics(plant height,cover,density),and significant negative correlations with soil bulk weight and soil pH.RDA analysis of different fertilization treatments,soil nitrate nitrogen and total nitrogen were the main environmental factors affecting vegetation characteristics;Vegetation characteristics were negatively correlated with pH and soil b

关 键 词：颗粒有机肥 羊板粪 土壤理化性质 高寒矿区 

分 类 号：S812.2[农业科学—草业科学]