不同绿肥还田对双季稻温室气体排放及水稻产量的影响  

Effects of different green manure returns on greenhouse gas emissions and yield of double cropping rice

作　　者：吕广动 高静 陈友平 王忍 郭诗芬 肖燕 邹丹 周晶 黄益国 罗慧龙 LYU Guang-dong;GAO Jing;CHEN You-ping;WANG Ren;GUO Shi-fen;XIAO Yan;ZOU Dan;ZHOU Jing;HUANG Yi-guo;LUO Hui-long(Hengyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hengyang,Hunan 421101,China;Tongren Polytechnic College,Tongren,Guizhou 554309,China;Yueyang Agriculture Bureau,Yueyang,Hunan 414100,China;Loudi Polytechnic College,Loudi,Hunan 417000,China)

机构地区：[1]衡阳市农业科学院,湖南衡阳421101 [2]铜仁职业技术学院,贵州铜仁554309 [3]岳阳县农业农村局,湖南岳阳414100 [4]娄底职业技术学院,湖南娄底417000

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2025年第2期394-400,共7页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：湖南省自然科学基金项目(2022JJ50141);衡阳市重点研发计划项目(202330036444)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究不同绿肥还田条件下,双季稻温室气体排放特征及水稻产量构成,为实现双季稻温室气体减排和作物增产提供科学依据。【方法】试验设置紫云英还田(AR)、黑麦草还田(LR)、油菜还田(BR),以无物料还田(CK)为对照,共4个处理,进行双季稻盆栽试验。测定二氧化碳(CO_(2))、甲烷(CH_(4))和氧化亚氮(N_(2)O)排放通量、水稻产量及产量构成因素等指标。【结果】(1)绿肥还田增加双季稻CH_(4)排放,降低N_(2)O排放,CO_(2)表现为早稻促进,晚稻抑制;(2)BR处理周年CO_(2)排放量较CK处理显著(P<0.05,下同)降低4.08%。各绿肥处理周年CH_(4)排放量较CK处理显著增加41.23%~53.42%,周年N_(2)O排放量较CK处理显著降低20.19%~26.24%;(3)各绿肥处理周年综合增温潜势较CK处理增加1.93%~7.40%,且LR、AR处理同CK处理差异显著。各绿肥处理温室气体排放强度较CK处理降低0.35%~4.36%;(4)LR、AR和BR处理双季稻成熟期的地上部生物量均高于CK,并在晚稻季表现出显著差异,增幅分别为31.26%、19.97%和15.44%。LR、AR和BR处理双季稻实际产量均高于CK处理,但无显著差异;LR处理晚稻季的收获指数较CK处理显著降低18.87%。【结论】绿肥还田显著增强双季稻全球增温潜势,并以紫云英还田效果最为明显,但对双季稻温室气体排放强度无显著影响。绿肥还田对双季稻实际产量无显著影响,但显著增加晚季稻成熟期的地上部生物量。【Objective】The paper aimed to investigate the greenhouse gas emission characteristics and rice yield components of double-cropped rice under different green manure return conditions,so as to provide a scientific basis for achieving greenhouse gas emission reduction and crop yield increase in double cropping rice.【Method】Four treatments were set up for the double cropping rice pot experiment,including Chinese milk vetch return(AR),ryegrass return(LR) and rapeseed rape return(BR),with non-material return(CK) as the control.Carbon dioxide(CO_2),methane(CH_4) and nitrous oxide(N_2O) emission fluxes,rice yield and yield component indices were measured.【Result】(i) Green manure returned to the field promoted CH_(4) emission and suppressed N_(2O) emission in double-cropped rice,at the same time CO_(2) showed early rice promotion and late rice suppression;(ii)The annual CO_(2) emissions were significantly(P< 0.05,the same as below) reduced by 4.08% in the BR treatment compared to the CK treatment.The annual CH_(4) emissions of green manure treatments significantly increased by 41.23%-53.42% and the annual N_(2O) emissions significantly decreased by 20.19%-26.24% compared with the CK treatment.(iii)The annual global warming potential of green manure treatment increased by 1.93%-7.40% compared with CK treatment,and LR and AR treatments differed significantly from CK treatment.The intensity of greenhouse gas emissions was reduced by 0.35%-4.36% in green manure treatment compared to the CK treatment.(iv)The aboveground biomass of LR,AR and BR was higher than CK at maturity,and showed significant differences in the late rice season,with increases of 31.26%,19.97% and 15.44%.The actual yields of LR,AR and BR were higher than CK of double cropping rice,but there were no significant differences.The harvest index of LR significant decreased by 18.87% compared with CK in the late rice season.【Conclusion】The green manure return significantly increases the global warming potential of double cropping rice,and the effec

关 键 词：绿肥 双季稻 温室气体 产量 

分 类 号：S511.4[农业科学—作物学]