N/P比对钠离子电池性能的影响  

The effects of N/P ratio on performance of sodium-ion battery

作　　者：李蒙 巩文豪 刘德帅 张涛 王跃博 钱伟伟 LI Meng;GONG Wenhao;LIU Deshuai;ZHANG Tao;WANG Yuebo;QIAN Weiwei(Hydrogen Energy Storage Center,Longzihu New Energy Laboratory,Zhengzhou 450003,Henan,China;Henan Key Laboratory of Energy Storage Materials and Processes,Zhengzhou Institute of Emerging Industrial Technology,Zhengzhou 450003,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]龙子湖新能源实验室,氢能储能中心,河南郑州450003 [2]郑州中科新兴产业技术研究院,河南省储能材料与过程重点实验室,河南郑州450003

出　　处：《电池》2025年第2期238-244,共7页Battery Bimonthly

基　　金：河南省重大科技专项(241100240200),河南省科技攻关项目(242102241044)。

摘　　要：负极容量和正极容量(N/P)比会影响电池的成本、安全性及能量密度。改变负极负载量,设计N/P比为1.01、1.08、1.15的软包装钠离子电池,分析N/P比对初始性能、充放电性能、高温存储性能、循环性能及安全性等的影响。当N/P比较低时,形成的固体电解质相界面(SEI)膜消耗的钠较少,有利于正极容量的充分发挥。随着N/P比的增加,满电状态下的正极电位会升高,导致正极侧的金属离子更容易溶出,增加副反应的发生,降低电池的高温存储和循环性能。如果N/P比过小,负极容易析出钠,严重影响安全性。经评估,1.08为最优N/P比,以1.00 C在1.5~4.0 V循环210次,容量保持率为84.04%,满足4.00 C充放电。The negative/positive capacity(N/P)ratio will effect cost,safety and energy density of battery.By changing the anode load,sodium-ion pouch batteries with N/P ratios of 1.01,1.08 and 1.15 are designed to analyze the effect of N/P ratio on initial performance,charge-discharge performance,high-temperature storage performance,cycle performance and safety.When the N/P ratio is low,the solid electrolyte interface(SEI)film consumes less sodium,which is conducive to the full utilization of the cathode capacity.As the N/P ratio increases,the cathode potential at full charge rises,leading to a greater tendency for metal ions on the cathode side of the electrode to dissolve out,thereby increasing the occurrence of side reactions and reducing the battery’s high-temperature storage and cycle performance.If the N/P ratio is too small,the anode is easy to precipitate sodium,seriously affecting the safety.After evaluation,1.08 is determined to be the optimal N/P ratio,with a capacity retention rate of 84.04%after 210 cycles at 1.00 C in_(1.5)-4.0 V,capable of withstanding 4.00 C charging-discharging.

关 键 词：钠离子电池 N/P比 初始容量 循环性能 电极电位 

分 类 号：TM912.9[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动] TD98[矿业工程—选矿]