唐代西北诸节度的轻重格局  

The Hierarchical Pattern of Northwestern Military Governors in the Tang Dynasty

作　　者：刘子凡 LIU Zi-fan(Institute of Ancient History,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 100101,China)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院古代史研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《西北大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2025年第3期48-58,共11页Journal of Northwest University:Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“唐代天下秩序研究”(23AZS005)。

摘　　要：河陇与西域地区诸节度使的关系,是考察唐朝边疆治理体系的重要视角。唐代的陇右、河西、北庭、安西等西北诸节度使非完全对等,河西、陇右节度的军事力量和军费投入远大于安西、北庭节度,河陇地区节度使更加接近唐廷的权力中枢,河西军政长官也曾临时统辖或监督西域。由此来看,唐代的西北军事布局存在重河陇、轻西域的差序格局。地理远近与交通能力限制是决定差序格局的根本因素,盛唐时期的西北地缘军事形势也影响了差序格局的形成。这种差序格局是唐朝因地制宜、因势制宜的调整,有利于对遥远边疆的控制,也体现出唐朝国家治理的边疆策略。The relationship between military governors in Helong(a region encompassing modern Gansu and Ningxia provinces in northwest China)and the Western Regions provided a significant perspective for examining the border governance system of the Tang Dynasty.During the early years of Emperor Xuanzong’s reign,facing challenges from neighboring regimes,the Tang Dynasty established four military governors-Hexi,Longyou,Anxi,and Beiting-within the Longyou Circuit.This region underwent a strategic reorganization from unified supervision under a single circuit to a division among multiple garrisons.Hexi and Longyou were collectively referred to as“Helong”with their gubernatorial residences situated in close proximity.Both Anxi and Beiting governors were located in the Western Regions west of Yangguan and Yumenguan Passes.Due to distinct geographical and military conditions,the northwestern military governors naturally divided into two zones:Helong and the Western Regions.A hierarchical pattern of prioritizing Helong over the Western Regions emerged between these two major military zones.First,significant disparities existed in military strength.The number of troops and horses in the two governors of Helong was two to three times that of the two Western Regions,and the amount of clothing and supplies allocated was even three to four times greater.The number of military garrisons in Helong also far exceeded that in the Western Regions.Second,differences in the status of military governors were pronounced.Military commanders of Anxi and Beiting often transferred to Helong to serve as military governors after achieving military successes,such as Guo Qianguan,Guo Zhiyun,Ge Jiayun,Gao Xianzhi,Yang Yu,and Yang Zhilie.Helong governors were also closer to the Tang court’s power center-two governors,Xiao Song and Niu Xianke were promoted to prime ministers,while the powerful minister Li Linfu even remotely commanded the Hexi and Longyou military governors.By contrast,Anxi and Beiting governors rarely engaged with the central cou

关 键 词：节度使 唐代军事布局 河陇 西域 边疆治理体系 

分 类 号：K242[历史地理—历史学]