数据要素对企业新质生产力的影响效应研究  

Research on the Effect of Data Elements on the New-Quality Productivity of Enterprises

作　　者：惠宁[1] 史小蓉 HUI Ning;SHI Xiao-rong(School of Economics and Management,Northwest University,Xi’an 710127,China)

机构地区：[1]西北大学经济管理学院,陕西西安710127

出　　处：《西北大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2025年第3期81-98,共18页Journal of Northwest University:Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“数智驱动制造业新质生产力价值创造研究”(24BJY005)。

摘　　要：研究数据要素对企业新质生产力的影响,实际上是研究数据要素赋能企业数字化转型。“新质生产力”对数据要素与企业的融合提出了新要求,有必要在“新”“质”目标约束下对数据要素赋能企业新质生产力的逻辑、机制、效应和路径做新的分析。本文从技术、创新、效益三个维度构建企业新质生产力指标体系,从数字化基础、应用和成效三个方面构建数据要素发展水平指标体系,基于制造业上市公司面板数据,考察数据要素水平对企业新质生产力的影响。研究发现,数据要素有效提升企业新质生产力,且这种影响呈现动态增强特征。机制分析表明,数据要素通过提升企业创新能力、加强企业成本管理、优化企业人力资本,间接促进企业新质生产力发展。区域异质性检验结果表明,对于东部地区影响显著,而对其他地区影响不显著;企业异质性检验结果表明,数据要素对国有企业和高新技术企业的影响更加显著。因此,应加大资源投入力度,加强数据要素供给;发挥科技创新、优质人才的引领作用;鼓励中西部地区企业加快数字化转型;加大政府对企业数据资产的支持力度。The role of data,as a novel production factor,has been increasingly significant in the process of production and development.Investigating the influence of data elements on enterprises’new-quality productivity is,in essence,examining how data elements empower the digital transformation of enterprises.The integration of data elements with enterprises,in the context of“new-quality productivity,”poses fresh demands.Consequently,it is imperative to conduct a novel analysis of the logic,mechanisms,effects,and pathways through which data elements empower enterprises’new-quality productivity,within the constraints of the“new”and“quality”objectives.In this paper,we construct an index system for enterprises’new-quality productivity from three dimensions:technology,innovation,and efficiency.Additionally,we establish an index system for the utilization level of data elements,encompassing three aspects:digital foundation,application,and outcomes.Utilizing panel data from manufacturing listed companies spanning from 2015 to 2022,we examine the impact of the level of data elements on enterprises’new-quality productivity.Our findings reveal that data elements effectively elevate enterprises’new-quality productivity,and this impact exhibits a dynamically intensifying characteristic.Mechanism analysis demonstrates that data elements indirectly propel the development of enterprises’new-quality productivity by augmenting their innovation capabilities,enhancing cost management,and optimizing human capital.Results from regional heterogeneity tests indicate that the impact is pronounced in the eastern region,whereas it is insignificant in other regions;The results of enterprise heterogeneity tests indicate that the impact of data elements is more significant on state-owned enterprises and high-tech enterprises.Therefore,it is advisable to augment resource allocation and bolster the supply of data elements.Furthermore,it is imperative to harness the leading role of technological innovation and high-quality talen

关 键 词：数据要素 新质生产力 企业数字化转型 数字经济 科技创新 

分 类 号：F014.1[经济管理—政治经济学]