全生命周期社区健康照护服务的供给困境、运行机制与优化路径  

Supplying Dilemmas,Operational Mechanisms,and Optimization Pathways of Community Health Care Across the Whole-Life Cycle

作　　者：王昭茜 贺晓迎 WANG Zhao-xi;HE Xiao-ying(School of Public Administration,Northwest University,Xi’an 710127,China;Institute of Health and Aging,Northwest University,Xi’an 710127,China)

机构地区：[1]西北大学公共管理学院,陕西西安710127 [2]西北大学健康养老研究院,陕西西安710127

出　　处：《西北大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2025年第3期133-144,共12页Journal of Northwest University:Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“城乡居民基本医疗保险中断参保的生成机制与治理路径研究”(24CSH141);陕西省教育厅科学研究计划项目“全生命周期视角下完善陕西省生育支持政策体系的协同治理研究”(24JP185);国家资助博士后研究人员计划“基本医疗保险统筹层次的约束条件与完善路径研究”(GZC20241383)。

摘　　要：全生命周期社区健康照护服务是积极应对人口老龄化、提升老年群体健康水平、实现健康老龄化的重要路径。然而,受多重结构性矛盾制约,当前服务供给陷入“协同乏力”的困境,表现为资源配置与实际需求的区域性倒置、内容碎片化、资源不足与技术鸿沟的双重剥夺、个体健康责任缺失以及责任主体边界模糊等。面对全生命周期健康能力提升的目标约束与社区健康照护服务供给受阻的条件约束,实践中探索出“主体协同—资源整合—需求适配—技术赋能”的运行机制,推动健康服务的连续性与精准性,体现了关注个体责任与多主体协同供给相结合,进而实现健康共享的治理特征。未来,需要通过协同共创、满足个性化需求、推进智慧化养老、推动老年友好型环境建设等路径,进一步优化健康养老服务体系建设,提升老年人健康品质,走向积极、友好、包容的健康老龄化社会。Implementing community-based,life-cycle health care is a crucial strategy to proactively address population aging,enhance the health status of the elderly,and achieve healthy aging.However,current service provision faces practical challenges due to multiple structural contradictions,including regional mismatches between resource allocation and actual needs,fragmented delivery of care services,dual deprivation stemming from resource shortages and technological gaps,lack of individual health responsibility,and ambiguous delineation of responsible entities.In response to the constraints posed by the goal of health empowerment across the life cycle and the impediments in community health care service delivery,a practical operational mechanism characterized by“stakeholder collaboration,resource integration,demand adaptation,and technological empowerment”has been explored.Through the coordinated efforts of diverse stakeholders and the integration of resources,this mechanism promotes the continuity and precision of health services,embodying governance features of participatory collaboration and health sharing.Moving forward,it is imperative to further optimize the health and elderly care service system and enhance the quality of health among the elderly by strengthening resource integration and collaborative cooperation,optimizing service delivery to meet individualized needs,advancing technological applications and smart elderly care,and fostering social participation alongside the development of age-friendly environments.These efforts will contribute to building a positive,friendly,and inclusive society that supports healthy aging.

关 键 词：健康老龄化 社区健康照护 全生命周期 主动健康 健康共享 

分 类 号：C913.6[经济管理]