纳米酶参与的仿生级联催化在生物医学中的应用  

Biomimetic Cascade Catalysis of Nanozyme for Biomedical Applications

作　　者：李吉东 刘江山 LI Jidong;LIU Jiangshan(The Research Center for Nano-Biomaterials,Analytical and Testing Center,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,Sichuan)

机构地区：[1]四川大学纳米生物材料研究中心分析测试中心,四川成都610065

出　　处：《四川师范大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第4期440-456,F0002,共18页Journal of Sichuan Normal University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(32371398);四川省国际合作计划项目(2023YFH0064)。

摘　　要：酶级联反应是生物体系中常见的一种代谢途径,它们通过一系列酶促反应将一个底物转化为最终产物.然而,生物酶的成本高、稳定性差和易失活等缺点限制了它们在恶劣环境下的应用.纳米酶,作为传统酶的替代品,不仅表现出相似的催化活性,还具有卓越的稳定性、可调的催化特性以及对pH和温度的高适应性,推动了纳米酶在构建仿生级联催化系统中的广泛研究和应用.首先,回顾不同类型天然酶与人工纳米酶参与的级联反应系统的最新研究进展及其优势;接着,深入综述纳米酶增强的仿生级联催化系统在抗菌、抗肿瘤和抗氧化等生物医学领域的应用;最后,讨论纳米酶激活的级联反应面临的挑战,并对未来的发展方向进行展望,旨在为未来的研究和应用提供参考.Enzymatic cascade reactions represent a common metabolic pathway in biological systems,whereby a substrate is converted into a final product through a series of enzymatic reactions.However,the disadvantages of biological enzymes,such as high cost,poor stability and susceptibility to inactivation,restrict their application in harsh environments.Nanozymes,as an alternative to conventional enzymes,not only exhibit similar catalytic activity but also have excellent stability,tunable catalytic properties,and high adaptability to pH value and temperature.These characteristics have promoted extensive research and application of nanozymes in the construction of biomimetic catalytic cascade systems.This paper presents a review of the recent research progress and advantages of cascade reaction systems involving different types of natural enzymes and artificial nanozymes.Subsequently,an exhaustive examination of nanozymes-enhanced biomimetic catalytic cascade systems for biomedical applications,including antimicrobial,antitumor and antioxidant applications,is provided.Finally,the article addresses the challenges of nanozymes-activated cascade reactions and offers insights into future directions,with the aim of providing a reference point for future research and applications.

关 键 词：纳米酶 级联催化 抗菌 抗肿瘤 抗氧化 

分 类 号：Q819[生物学—生物工程]