施用油茶饼粕对苹果果实品质的影响  

Applying Camellia Oleifera Seed Cake on Apple Fruit Quality

作　　者：李好健 张博森 李宛聪 张富军 薛晓敏[3] 王延秀 张伟 王小非[1] 由春香[1] 张振鲁 LI Hao-jian;ZHANG Bo-sen;LI Wan-cong;ZHANG Fu-jun;XUE Xiao-min;WANG Yan-xiu;ZHANG Wei;WANG Xiao-fei;YOU Chun-xiang;ZHANG Zhen-lu(College of Horticultural Science and Engineering/Shandong Agricultural University,Tai'an 271018,China;College of Agriculture/Shihezi University,Shihezi 832003,China;Shandong Institute of Pomology,Tai'an 271000,China;College of Horticulture/Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Shandong Zhongyi Intelligent Modern Agriculture Co.,LTD.,Zibo 256100,China)

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院,山东泰安271018 [2]石河子大学农学院,新疆石河子832003 [3]山东省果树研究所,山东泰安271099 [4]甘肃农业大学园艺学院,甘肃兰州730070 [5]山东中以智慧现代农业有限公司,山东淄博256100

出　　处：《山东农业大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第2期258-265,共8页Journal of Shandong Agricultural University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：山东省重点研发计划(2022TZXD008)。

摘　　要：生物有机肥在苹果产量及果实品质形成中发挥重要作用。油茶饼粕是油茶籽榨油后剩余的残渣,富含多糖、蛋白、油脂等营养物质,但其能否作为有机肥用于果树生产尚未可知。本研究对苹果树施用不同量的油茶饼粕,并检测其对果实品质的影响,以探究油茶饼粕作为果园有机肥的可行性。试验以‘首富3’、‘富士’、‘岩富10’苹果为试材,设置不同油茶饼粕施用量:0、1.5、2.5、3.5 kg·株-1。与不施用油茶饼粕处理相比,施用油茶饼粕能够有效改善果实的外在品质,其中3.5 kg·株-1油茶饼粕处理在单果重、果形指数、光泽度、色差指标等方面提升显著,效果最好。在果实内在品质方面,虽然施用油茶饼粕能够在一定程度上改善果实硬度、可溶性固形物及有机酸含量,但整体效果并不显著。综上,施用油茶饼粕能提升果实的综合品质,表明油茶饼粕具备作为有机肥用于果树生产的潜力。Organic fertilizer plays an important role in the formation of apple yield and fruit quality.Camellia oleifera seed cake is the residual of Camellia oleifera seed after oil extraction.Camellia oleifera seed cake is rich in polysaccharides,crude protein,oil and other nutrients,but whether it can be used as an organic fertilizer for fruit tree production is yet unknown.In this study,'Shoufu 3','Fuji',and'Yanfu 10'apple varieties are used as test materials,and different amounts of Camellia oleifera seed cake are applied to apple trees and their effects on fruit quality are detected to explore the potential of using Camellia oleifera seed cake as an organic fertilizer in orchards.The amount of Camellia oleifera seed cake used for one apple tree are set as follows:0,1.5,2.5,3.5 kg per plant.The results show that compared with the treatment without Camellia oleifera seed cake,the use of Camellia oleifera seed cake significantly improves the appearance quality of apple fruit.Among the treatments,the application of 3.5 kg per tree performs the most notable improvements in single fruit weight,fruit shape index,glossiness,and color difference index.However,while the application of Camellia oleifera seed cake can affect the fruit firmness,the contents of soluble solids and organic acid to some extent,the general impact on inner quality are not significant.In conclusion,the application of camellia oleifera seed cake can enhance fruit quality comprehensively,indicating its potential as a sustainable organic fertilizer for fruit tree production.

关 键 词：苹果 有机肥 油茶饼粕 果实品质 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]