甲基脲-氨基磺酸电解液抑制质子电池的析氢反应及其电化学性能  

Study on the Suppression of Hydrogen Evolution Reaction of Proton Battery Using Methyl Urea-aminobenzene Sulfonic Acid Electrolyte

作　　者：胡兴明 张鑫池 李明亚 傅龙 张瑞豪 HU Xingming;ZHANG Xinchi;LI Mingya;FU Long;ZHANG Ruihao(School of Resources and Materials,Northeast University Qinhuangdao,Branch Key Laboratory of Dielectrics and Electrolytes of Hebei Province,Qinhuangdao 066044,China)

机构地区：[1]东北大学秦皇岛分校资源与材料学院,河北省电介质和电解质重点实验室,秦皇岛066044

出　　处：《河北师范大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第3期250-261,共12页Journal of Hebei Normal University:Natural Science

基　　金：河北省电介质与电解质重点实验室后补助经费项目(22567627H)。

摘　　要：可充电水系质子电池正日益成为下一代储能系统的重要候选者,其具备快速的质子扩散动力学和广泛的质子可用性.然而,析氢反应限制了其性能,导致容量衰减和电极腐蚀,进而缩短电池寿命.为此,探讨通过优化电解质以抑制析氢反应.基于甲基脲(MU)分子结构的非对称性,MU优先与氨基磺酸(SA)和水分子形成独特的溶剂化结构,并与水分子形成氢键网络,减少自由水分子的存在.将这种SA-MU-H_(2)O电解质应用于石墨//MoO_(3)电池体系中,对其结构、析氢抑制效果及电化学性能的研究表明,电解质的析氢电位由-1.09 V降低至-1.21 V,离子电导率达到29 mS/cm,凝固点从-3.63℃降至-32.10℃.经过500次充放电循环,使用SA-MU-H_(2)O电解质的电池容量保持率由原来的32%提高至83%,库仑效率为97%.这为水系电池在抑制析氢及提升其他性能方面提供了参考价值.Rechargeable water-based proton battery is recognized as important candidate for the next-generation energy storage system due to its rapid proton diffusion dynamics and extensive proton availability.However,the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)results in capacity degradation and electrode corrosion,ultimately shortening battery life.This study explores the optimization of the electrolyte to suppress the HER.Due to the asymmetrical molecular structure of methyl urea MU,it preferentially forms unique solution structures with aminobenzene sulfonic acid SA and water molecules,creating a hydrogen bond network that reduces the presence of free water molecules.The SA-MU-H_(2)O electrolyte is applied in a graphite//MoO_(3)battery system to investigate its structure,HER suppression effects,and electrochemical performance.The results demonstrate that the HER potential of the electrolyte decreases from-1.09 V to-1.21 V,with an ionic conductivity of 29 mS/cm and a freezing point lowered from-3.63℃to-32.10℃.After 500 charge-discharge cycles,the capacity retention of the battery using the SA-MU-H_(2)O electrolyte increases from 32%to 83%,with a coulombic efficiency of 97%.This provides valuable insights for suppressing HER and enhancing the performance of water-based battery.

关 键 词：质子电池 甲基脲 氨基磺酸 电解质 析氢 

分 类 号：TM911.3[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]