反硫化反应机理及反应条件-产物结构关系综述  

A Review on the Mechanism of Inverse Vulcanization and the Relationship between Reaction Conditions and Product Structure

作　　者：钟丽玲 王晓晓 郑博拓 章华桂[1] ZHONG Liling;WANG Xiaoxiao;ZHENG Botuo;ZHANG Huagui(Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials,College of Chemistry and Materials Science,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou 350117,China)

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学化学与材料学院,福建省高分子材料重点实验室,福建福州350117

出　　处：《福建师范大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第3期56-64,共9页Journal of Fujian Normal University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(22172028);福建省自然科学基金(2020J01145、2022J05041);闽江学者项目资助计划(2018)。

摘　　要：反硫化是一种新兴的以硫磺为主体、以不饱和烯烃为交联剂的聚硫化物的制备方法,具有反应条件简单、无溶剂、易操作等优点。反硫化产物因富含可动态交换的S—S键而表现出优异性能,但其结构和性质受反应条件如温度、时间、催化剂、合成方法和工艺条件等影响较大,限制了其广泛应用。介绍了常见的热活化反硫化、有机金属盐催化的反硫化、光诱导反硫化、机械活化反硫化等多种反硫化体系及其合成方法,分析了有机单体结构及投料比、反应温度、反应流程、活化体系等反应条件对反硫化过程和产物性能的影响,探讨了反硫化产物结构、反应机理以及单体、产物结构与反应方法之间的关系,并对反硫化方法制备高性能聚硫化物材料进行了总结和展望。Inverse vulcanization is an emerging method for the preparation of polysulfides,using sulfur as the main component and unsaturated olefins as crosslinking agents.It offers advantages such as simple reaction conditions,solvent-free and easy operation.The products of inverse vulcanization exhibit excellent properties due to the presence of dynamically exchangeable S—S bonds,but their structure and properties are greatly affected by reaction conditions such as temperature,time,catalysts,synthesis methods,and process parameters,which limit their widespread application.This article introduces various inverse vulcanization systems and their synthesis methods,including thermal inverse vulcanization,organometallic salt-catalyzed inverse vulcanization,photo-induced inverse vulcanization,and mechanically activated inverse vulcanization.It analyzes the effects of reaction conditions,such as the structure of organic monomers and feed ratios,reaction temperature,reaction pathway,and activation systems on the inverse vulcanization process and product properties.Furthermore,it explores the structural characteristics of inverse vulcanization products,reaction mechanisms,and the relationships between monomer composition,product structures,and reaction methods.Finally,this study summarizes current advancements and provides a perspective on the future development of high-performance polysulfide materials via inverse vulcanization methods.

关 键 词：反硫化 反应机理 聚硫化物 硫磺 反应条件 产物结构 

分 类 号：O6-1[理学—化学]