有机分工视域下资本与农户相融共赢机理研究  

Research on The Win-win Situation Mechanism of Capital and Farmers from the Perspective of Organic Division of Labor

作　　者：熊凤水[1] 刘锟妹 Xiong Fengshui;Liu Kunmei

机构地区：[1]安徽大学社会与政治学院,安徽省合肥市230601 [2]华中师范大学社会学院,湖北省武汉市430079

出　　处：《南方经济》2025年第4期43-57,共15页South China Journal of Economics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“新型农业经营主体发展路径、功能耦合与政策协同研究”(23BSH067)资助。

摘　　要：建立在市场调节基础上的有机分工是重要的效率提升机制和社会团结机制。异于政府和社会视角,有机分工为分析资本与农户何以相融共赢提供了新的视域。资本下乡初期,为避免与农户同质生产与竞争,在农事整体经营活动中采取自我实施的内置策略形成错位分工格局,面向的市场具有互补性,禀赋异质性与经济理性使得双方在同一场域中实现共存共容;资本农业经营过程中,在“生产基地信息传递效应”和农户生产理性的驱动下,有机分工的边界从“完整的农事生产活动”分工拓展为农业产业内部农户生产活动专业化、资本服务多样化的职能差异分工格局,职能双方面向的市场具有同一性,并因专业化获取由此产生的递增报酬,实现相融共赢。分工与专业化是经济增长的源泉,在资本与农户的经营格局中,相融共赢的本质是将“小而全”的农户纳入专业化分工体系,发挥两类经营主体的比较优势,通过分工深化促使生产效率改进和产品价值提升,进而实现报酬递增、共享分工经济,助力乡村振兴。The organic division of labor based on market regulation is an important efficiency improvement mechanism and social solidarity mechanism.Different from the perspective of government and society,it is valuable to analyze how capital and farmers can be integrated and win-win from the perspective of organic division of labor.In the early stage of capital going to the countryside,in order to avoid homogeneous production and competition with farmers,self-implemented built-in strategies are adopted in the overall operation activities of agricultural affairs to form a dislocation division of labor,the markets targeted are complementary,and endowment heterogeneity and economic rationality make both parties achieve coexistence and compatible in the same field.In the process of capital agricultural operation,driven by the"information transmission effect of production base"and the rationality of farmers'production,the boundary of organic division of labor has expanded from the division of labor of"complete agricultural production activities"to the differential division of labor pattern of specialization of farmers'production activities and diversification of capital services within the agricultural industry,the market facing the two types of agricultural business entities is the same,and they obtain the incremental rewards arising from specialization,so as to achieve mutual integration and win-win results.Division of labor and specialization is the source of economic growth,in the business pattern of capital and farmers,the essence of integration and win-win is to include"small but complete"farmers into the professional division of labor system,give play to the comparative advantages of the two types of agricultural business entities,through the deepening of the division of labor,the production efficiency will be improved and the value of products will be enhanced,so as to realize the increase of remuneration and the sharing of the division of labor economy,and help rural revitalization.

关 键 词：有机分工 资本下乡 相融共赢 乡村振兴 

分 类 号：C912.82[经济管理]