云南省河口口岸鼠类携带常见病原体调查  

INVESTIGATION OF PATHOGENS CARRIED BY RODENTS AT YUNNAN HEKOU PORT

作　　者：张晓龙 王董 赵静 赵志亮 袁凌睿 周润仪 田洁 郭惠琳 高春艳[4] ZHANG Xiao-long;WANG Dong;ZHAO Jing;ZHAO Zhi-liang;YUAN Ling-rui;ZHOU Run-yi;TIAN Jie;GUO Hui-lin;GAO Chun-yan(Science and Technology Research Center of China Customs,Beijing 100026,China;Chongqing International Travel Healthcare Center(Chongqing Customs Port Outpatient Department),Chongqing 401120,China;Gansu International Travel Healthcare Center(Lanzhou Customs Port Outpatient Department),Lanzhou 730000,Gansu,China;Yanjing Medical College,Capital Medical University,Beijing 101300,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海关科学技术研究中心,北京100026 [2]重庆国际旅行卫生保健中心(重庆海关口岸门诊部),重庆401120 [3]甘肃国际旅行卫生保健中心(兰州海关口岸门诊部),兰州730000 [4]首都医科大学燕京医学院,北京101300

出　　处：《寄生虫与医学昆虫学报》2025年第1期27-33,38,共8页Acta Parasitologica et Medica Entomologica Sinica

基　　金：海关总署科研项目(2023HK021)。

摘　　要：目的掌握云南省河口口岸鼠类携带病原体情况。方法采用鼠笼法捕获鼠体,同时解剖采集其肺、肝、脾等内脏。采用PCR法扩增鼠疫耶尔森菌、钩端螺旋体、巴尔通体、无形体等8种病原体,对阳性样本病原体序列进行测序并在GenBank上进行同源性比对,确定测序结果。利用邻接法(Neighbor-Joining,NJ)构建阳性病原体的系统发育树。结果捕获黄胸鼠、褐家鼠、小家鼠共31只,其中黄胸鼠为优势种,占比64.52%;共检出钩端螺旋体和米库尔新埃立克体2种病原体,阳性率分别为9.68%、29.03%,未检测到其他病原体;鼠体携带病原体总阳性率35.48%。结论16S rRNA单基因片段序列不能用于所有新埃立克体属病原体的分子鉴定,应结合其他多个基因联合分析确定。河口口岸的鼠传病原体流行情况表明,应加强边境口岸鼠传疾病监测力度,并实施一定的预防和控制措施。Objective This research was performed to identify rodent-borne pathogens in Hekou Port,Yunnan Province.Methods Rodents were captured using cages and dissected to collect their lungs,liver,spleen,and other viscera.Eight pathogens,including Yersinia pestis,Leptospira,Bartonella,and Anaplasmataceae,were identified using polymerase chain reaction amplification.Amplified pathogen sequences from positive samples were sequenced,and BLAST homology searches were conducted using GenBank to confirm pathogen identities.A phylogenetic tree of the identified pathogens was constructed using the neighbor joining method.Results The total of 31 rodents,identified as Rattus tanezumi,R.norvegicus,and Mus musculus,were captured.Among these,R.tanezumi was the dominant species,accounting for 64.52%of the total.Two pathogens,Leptospira interrogans and Neoehrlichia mikurensis,were detected,with positivity rates of 9.68%and 29.03%,respectively.No other pathogens were detected.The overall positivity rate for rodent-borne pathogens was 35.48%.Conclusions The single 16S rRNA gene fragment is insufficient for the molecular identification of all Neoehrlichia species.Accurate species identification should be based on a combined analysis of multiple genes.The prevalence of rodent-borne pathogens in Hekou Port indicates the necessity for enhanced surveillance of rodent-borne diseases and implementation of additional prevention and control measures in border ports.

关 键 词：边境口岸 鼠传疾病 病原体 系统发育树 

分 类 号：R516[医药卫生—内科学]