抗弓形虫药物研究进展:现状、方向及挑战  

PROGRESS IN ANTI-TOXOPLASMA GONDII DRUG DEVELOPMENT:CURRENT STATUS,DIRECTION,AND CHALLENGES

作　　者：赖映梅 卓洵辉 金子 LAI Ying-mei;ZHUO Xun-hui;JIN Zi(Hangzhou Medical College,Hangzhou 310000,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]杭州医学院,杭州310000

出　　处：《寄生虫与医学昆虫学报》2025年第1期52-59,共8页Acta Parasitologica et Medica Entomologica Sinica

基　　金：浙江省中医药科技计划项目(2022ZQ059);杭州医学院院所专项(YS2021008);杭州医学院科研启动经费(00004F1RCYJ2012)。

摘　　要：刚地弓形虫Toxoplasma gondii是一种能引起人畜共患弓形虫病的机会致病性原虫,可感染包括人类在内的几乎所有温血动物。弓形虫感染作为全球性的人畜共患病,尤其在免疫功能低下人群中具有高风险。由于弓形虫具有复杂的生命周期和广泛的宿主范围,对公共卫生及畜牧业领域构成严重威胁。目前对弓形虫病的防治主要以药物为主,其中磺胺嘧啶与乙胺嘧啶的联合用药是临床首选方案,但是该类药物在疗效、副作用和耐药性方面存在诸多局限性。尽管抗弓形虫药物的研发取得一定的进展,但截至目前仍未有理想药物上市或被批准应用于临床治疗。本文结合国内外相关文献报道,综述了近年来在抗弓形虫新型药物作用机制及作用靶点方面的研究进展,旨在为未来药物的研发提供新的思路,也对当前抗弓形虫新型药物的研发面临的机遇和挑战进行分析及展望。Toxoplasma gondii is an opportunistic pathogenic protozoan that causes zoonotic toxoplasmosis and is capable of infecting almost all warm-blooded animals,including humans.T.gondii infection is a globally prevalent zoonosis,posing a particularly high risk to immunocompromised populations.It presents a serious threat to public health and animal husbandry due to its complex life cycle and wide host range.Currently,the prevention and treatment of toxoplasmosis rely primarily on drugs,with a combination of sulfadiazine and pyrimethamine being the first choice in clinical practice.However,limitations in efficacy,side effects,and drug resistance restrict its widespread use.While some progress has been made in the development of anti-Toxoplasma drugs,no ideal treatment has yet been approved for market release or clinical trials.This paper reviews recent progress on the mechanisms of action and targets of novel anti-Toxoplasma drugs based on relevant studies.It aims to provide new ideas for future drug research and development while highlighting the opportunities and challenges in the field.

关 键 词：弓形虫 抗弓形虫药物 作用机制 药靶 

分 类 号：R382.5[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学]