上海水牛主要疫病的本底调查  

Background Investigation of Major Diseases in Shanghai Buffalo

作　　者：冯桂丹 向蒙 杨显超[1] 杨德全[1] 周瑾 薛云 刘珂 赵洪进[1] 王建[1] FENG Gui-dan;XIANG Meng;YANG Xian-chao;YANG De-quan;ZHOU Jin;XUE Yun;LIU Ke;ZHAO Hong-jin;WANG Jian(Shanghai Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center,Shanghai 201103)

机构地区：[1]上海市动物疫病预防控制中心,上海201103

出　　处：《中国奶牛》2025年第4期27-31,共5页China Dairy Cattle

基　　金：上海市科技兴农项目(2022-02-08-00-12-F01173)。

摘　　要：为了解上海水牛主要疫病流行情况,本研究对主要养殖地区崇明的17份上海水牛口鼻拭子和3份粪便/环境样品进行牛冠状病毒、牛病毒性腹泻黏膜病病毒、牛细小病毒、牛轮状病毒、牛呼肠孤病毒、牛星状病毒、嵴病毒、环曲病毒8种疫病病原学检测及52份上海水牛血清样品进行牛结核分枝杆菌、牛布鲁氏菌、口蹄疫病毒、牛弓形虫、Q热立克次氏体、牛病毒性腹泻黏膜病病毒、蓝舌病毒、牛冠状病毒、牛肺炎支原体、轮状病毒、钩端螺旋体、西尼罗河病毒、牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒13种病原抗体的血清学检测,其中牛病毒性腹泻黏膜病病毒同时检测血清中病毒。结果显示,8种疫病的病原学检测均为阴性;13种病原抗体或病原的血清学检测结果显示牛布鲁氏菌、牛结核分枝杆菌、牛肺炎支原体、西尼罗河热病毒抗体均为阴性,目前有9种疫病在上海市存在不同程度的流行,其中轮状病毒、口蹄疫病毒、牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒抗体阳性率较高,分别为76.92%、75%和51.92%;观察不同年龄上海水牛的疫病流行情况,成年牛有7种疫病病原的抗体阳性率最高,分别是轮状病毒、口蹄疫病毒、牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒、牛冠状病毒、蓝舌病病毒、弓形虫、牛病毒性腹泻黏膜病病毒,犊牛13种疫病病原的抗体阳性率均最低;观察不同病原的混合感染情况,发现主要以口蹄疫病毒和轮状病毒感染情况较多,其次为牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒混合其他病原感染;研究表明,目前牛布病、结核病和西尼罗河热病未在上海水牛中流行,有9种疫病在上海水牛中存在不同程度的流行,其中轮状病毒病、口蹄疫、牛传染性鼻气管炎较为严重,应引起高度重视,及早采取预防控制措施,提升种用动物健康水平。In order to understand the prevalence of major diseases of Shanghai buffalo,17 mouse-nose swabs and 3 fecal/environmental samples of Shanghai buffalo from Chongming,a major breeding area,were tested for bovine coronavirus,bovine viral diarrhea/mucosal disease,bovine parvovirus,bovine rotavirus and bovine reovirus.The pathogens of 8 diseases such as bovine astrovirus,Cristovirus and cyclokovirus were detected and blood of 13 diseases such as bovine tuberculosis,bovine brucellosis,foot-and-mouth disease,bovine toxoplasmosis,Q fever,bovine viral diarrhea,bluetongue disease,bovine coronavirus,bovine mycoplasma pneumoniae,rotavirus,leptospirosis,West Nile fever and bovine infectious rhinotracheitis were collected from 52 serum samples of Shanghai buffalo Clearlearning test.The results showed that the etiological tests of 8 kinds of diseases were negative.The serological test results of 13 diseases showed that the antibodies against bovine bruceopathy,tuberculosis,Mycoplasma bovis pneumoniae and West Nile fever were negative.At present,9 diseases were prevalent in different degrees in Shanghai,among which rotavirus,foot-and-mouth disease and infectious bovine rhinotracheitis were more serious,and the antibody positive rates were 76.92%,75%and 51.92%,respectively.Observing the infection rates of diseases in Shanghai buffaloes of different ages,adult cattle have the highest infection rates of 7 diseases,namely rotavirus,foot-and-mouth disease virus,bovine infectious rhinotracheitis virus,bovine coronavirus,blue tongue disease virus,Toxoplasma gondii,and bovine viral diarrhea virus.The infection rates of 13 diseases in calves are all the lowest.Observing the mixed infection of different diseases,it was found that foot-and-mouth disease,rotavirus,and other diseases were the main infections,followed by bovine infectious rhinotracheitis mixed with other diseases.The results showed that bovine brucellosis,tuberculosis and West Nile fever were not prevalent in Shanghai buffaloes at present,and there were 9 kinds of epidemic di

关 键 词：上海水牛 重要动物疫病 血清学 病原学 混合感染 

分 类 号：S858.23[农业科学—临床兽医学]