基于位置服务的多因素假位置选择算法  

Multi-factor Dummy Location Selection Algorithm in Location-based Service

作　　者：李勇军 祝跃飞[1] 吴魏[1] 白利芳[1,3] LI Yongjun;ZHU Yuefei;WU Wei;BAI Lifang(School of Cyberspace Security,PLA Information Engineering University,Zhengzhou 450007,China;School of Software,Zhongyuan University of Technology,Zhengzhou 450000,China;Cybersecurity Testing Engineering Technology Center,China Software Testing Center,Beijing 100048,China)

机构地区：[1]信息工程大学网络空间安全学院,郑州450007 [2]中原工学院软件学院,郑州450000 [3]中国软件评测中心网络安全测评工程技术中心,北京100048

出　　处：《计算机科学》2025年第5期357-365,共9页Computer Science

基　　金：科技委基础加强项目(2020-JCJQ-ZD-021);国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(62102447)。

摘　　要：针对现有假位置在进行基于位置服务的快照位置隐私保护时,忽略位置本身时间因素引发的背景知识攻击,以及对敏感位置同等对待等问题,提出一种多因素的假位置选取算法(Multi-Factor Dummy Location Selection Algorithm,MFDLS)。该算法综合考虑了影响隐私泄露的因素,包括位置的地理属性、语义属性、时间属性,以及查询概率等背景知识和用户敏感偏好,确保所选假位置不仅能有效抵御位置同质攻击、位置语义攻击和查询概率分布攻击,还能应对位置分布攻击、敏感同质攻击和链接攻击等多种威胁。算法选取满足与当前请求时间段内查询概率接近,语义多样化、匿名空间大且时间相对一致,非离群点和中心点要求的假位置。安全性分析和仿真实验结果表明:与已有的假位置选取算法相比,所提算法在敌手错误方面提升16%以上,质量损失方面降低30%以上,能更有效地抵御背景知识攻击,满足用户隐私需求。In view of the existing dummy location selection methods in LBS snapshot location privacy protection,the background knowledge attack caused by the time factor of the location itself is ignored,and the sensitive locations are treated equally.Based on this,a multi-factor dummy location selection algorithm(MFDLS)is proposed,which comprehensively considers the factors that affect privacy leakage,including background knowledge such as geographical attributes,semantic attributes,time attributes of the location and query probability as well as the users’sensitive preferences.To ensure that the selected dummy locations can not only effectively resist location homogeneity attack,location semantic attack and query probability distribution attack,but also deal with multiple threats such as location distribution attack,sensitive homogeneity attack and link attack.The algorithm selects the dummy locations that meet the requirements of query probability close to the initiating time,semantic diversification,large anonymous space and relatively consistent time,non-outlier and central point.Compared with the existing dummy location selection algorithm,the security analysis and simulation results show that the proposed algorithm improves the adversary error by at least 16%and reduces the quality loss by at least 30%,which can more effectively resist the background knowledge attack and meet the users’privacy requirements.

关 键 词：假位置选择 多因素 地理位置 查询概率 位置语义 位置时间属性 敏感语义 

分 类 号：TP309[自动化与计算机技术—计算机系统结构]