BDBFT:一种物联网场景下基于信誉预测模型的共识协议  

BDBFT:A Consensus Protocol Based on Reputation Prediction Model for IoT Scenario

作　　者：王璞[1] 高湛云 王振飞[1] 宋哲理 WANG Pu;GAO Zhanyun;WANG Zhenfei;SONG Zheli(College of Computer and Artificial Intelligence,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China;Department of Information Technology,Zhengzhou Vocational College of Finance and Taxation,Zhengzhou 450048,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学计算机与人工智能学院,郑州450001 [2]郑州财税金融职业学院信息技术系,郑州450048

出　　处：《计算机科学》2025年第5期366-374,共9页Computer Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2023YFB4502704);河南省科技攻关项目(232102210189)。

摘　　要：区块链技术在物联网场景的应用中具有强数据安全性和高可信度的优势,但区块链技术中的共识算法存在能耗高、计算成本高、可扩展性低等缺点,在物联网应用中部署区块链系统面临物联网节点存储容量小、能耗低和计算能力不足的问题。在实用拜占庭容错算法(PBFT)的基础上,提出了一种物联网场景下基于信誉预测模型的共识协议(BDBFT)。首先,根据分组策略的地理位置分类标准对节点进行分组以选取共识节点,减少组内通信的通信时延;其次,引入基于Dirichlet分布的细粒度信誉预测模型,根据每轮视图生命周期中的信誉信息动态地更新模型,并基于历史信誉信息和当前信誉信息投票高预测概率的节点作为共识节点。仿真实验结果表明,相对于PBFT算法和LRBFT算法,BDBFT算法有效地降低了拜占庭节点参与共识的概率,在时间延迟、吞吐量、通信开销和安全性4个方面具有明显的性能提升。Blockchain technology has the advantages of strong data security and high trustworthiness in IoT scenarios,but the consensus algorithm in blockchain technology has the disadvantages of high energy consumption,high computational cost,and low scalability,and the deployment of blockchain system in IoT applications faces the problems of low storage capacity,low energy consumption,and low computational capacity of IoT nodes.Based on practical Byzantine fault tolerant algorithm(PBFT),this paper proposes a consensus protocol based on reputation prediction model(BDBFT)in IoT scenario.Firstly,nodes are grouped according to the geographic location classification criteria of the grouping policy to select consensus nodes and reduce the communication delay of intra-group communication.Secondly,a fine-grained reputation prediction model based on Dirichlet distribution is introduced to dynamically update the model according to the reputation information in the lifecycle of each round of view,and nodes with high prediction probability based on the historical and current reputation information are voted as the consensus nodes.The simulation experiment results show that compared with PBFT algorithm and LRBFT algorithm,BDBFT algorithm effectively reduces the probability of Byzantine nodes participating in the consensus,and has obvious performance improvement in four aspects:time delay,throughput,communication overhead and security.

关 键 词：物联网 区块链 PBFT Dirichlet分布 分组策略 信誉预测模型 

分 类 号：TP311[自动化与计算机技术—计算机软件与理论]