完全成本保险如何影响玉米种植户农药投入?  

How does the Full-cost Insurance Affect Pesticide Use of Corn Farmers?

作　　者：田菊会 谢沁岭 蔡海龙[1] TIAN Juhui;XIE Qinling;CAI Hailong

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学经济管理学院,北京100083

出　　处：《世界农业》2025年第5期82-94,共13页World Agriculture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“大豆玉米‘双短缺’背景下大豆扩种政策效果与风险防范研究”(72373142)。

摘　　要：绿色生产对农药投入提出减量化要求,完全成本保险可能影响农户农药投入决策。本文利用河南省、山东省和四川省玉米种植户的微观数据,实证检验完全成本保险对农户农药投入的影响效应及其作用机制。研究发现:①购买完全成本保险使农户显著减少单位面积农药投入量;②机制分析表明,完全成本保险通过改变农户风险态度,使其减少单位面积农药投入量;③进一步研究发现,完全成本保险保障水平越高,越能使农户减少单位面积农药投入量;④从风险感知程度和兼业程度进行异质性分析表明,完全成本保险对风险感知强的农户和纯农户农药投入的减量效果更显著。据此,应继续加强完全成本保险的覆盖面,促进农药减量使用,但应优化农业保险产品设计,防止道德风险问题的进一步激化。Green production requires the reduction of pesticide input.The full-cost insurance may have an impact on farmers’decision of pesticide use.This paper adopts the micro data of corn farmers in Henan,Shandong and Sichuan to empirically test the impact and mechanism of full-cost insurance on the amount of farmers’pesticide inputs.The results find that:①The full-cost insurance reduces the amount of pesticide used per unit area by corn farmers.②The full-cost insurance reduces corn farmers’pesticide used per unit area by significantly improving the farmers’risk attitude.③The further research indicates that increasing the protection level of full-cost insurance reduces the amount of pesticide used per unit area.④Compared with differential risk perception and part-time corn farmers,the full-cost insurance has a stronger effect on the reduction of pesticide inputs for risk-perceiving farmers and full-time farmers.The conclusions suggest that it is necessary to promote full-cost insurance coverage to reduce the amount of pesticide inputs,but also to improve the insurance contracts to prevent further intensification of the moral hazard from the full-cost insurance.

关 键 词：完全成本保险 农药投入 风险偏好 道德风险 

分 类 号：F840.66[经济管理—保险]