农村电子商务发展能缓解农业资源错配吗?——基于电子商务进农村综合示范政策的准自然实验  

Can the Rural E-commerce Alleviate the Misallocation of Agricultural Resources?——A Quasi-natural Experiment based on the Comprehensive Demonstration Policy of E-commerce into Rural Areas

作　　者：谢薇 陈琛 王立群[1] XIE Wei;CHEN Chen;WANG Liqun

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学经济管理学院,北京100083 [2]东京大学新领域创成科学研究院,千叶2770882

出　　处：《世界农业》2025年第5期95-106,共12页World Agriculture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“补偿到期后贫困地区退耕农户行为追踪、驱动因素与成果巩固长效机制研究”(71873017);国家留学基金“国家建设高水平大学公派研究生项目”(2024065410037)。

摘　　要：农业资源错配是农村经济发展受阻的重要原因之一,缓解要素错配、提高农业要素市场化配置水平是实施乡村全面振兴战略的关键。在农业数字化背景下,本文采用全国2010—2020年县级非平衡面板数据,运用多时点双重差分法实证分析电子商务进农村综合示范政策对农业资源错配的作用、机制及异质性影响。研究发现:①这一政策对农业资源要素错配有显著的缓解作用,且这一结果在经过一系列稳健性检验后仍然成立;②在机制检验中,政策效应主要通过提升县域创业活跃度、发展新型农业经营主体两条路径缓解农业资源错配;③异质性分析发现,政策效应缓解错配的作用仅限于中西部和脱贫县。据此,应重点完善相应的传导机制,并根据当地农业特色,制定精准化、差异化的推广策略,借力电商协同推进农村经济高质量发展、实现乡村全面振兴。The misallocation of agricultural resources is one of the important reasons of hindering rural economic development.Alleviating the misallocation of factors and improving the marketization allocation level of agricultural factors are the keys to implementing the rural revitalization strategy.In the context of the digi-tal agriculture,based on unbalanced panel data at the county level in China from 2010 to 2020,this study empirically analyzes the impact of the Comprehensive Demonstration Policy of E-commerce into Rural Areas on the misallocation of agricultural resource factors by using the Staggered DID.The study found that:①The policy has a significant alleviation effect on the misallocation of agricultural resource factors,and this result still holds true after a series of robustness tests.②In the mechanism test,the policy effect alleviates the misallocation of agricultural resources through two paths:increasing entrepreneurial activity in counties and developing new type of agricultural business entities.③Heterogeneity analysis found that the policy has an impact of alleviating mismatches on agricultural resources in the central and western regions and poverty-stricken counties.Based on the above,it’s necessary to focus on improving the corresponding transmission mechanisms,and formulating precise and differentiated promotion strategies based on local agricultural characteristics,and leveraging e-commerce collaboration to promote high-quality rural economic development and achieve rural revitalization goals.

关 键 词：农村电子商务 农业资源错配 多时点DID 乡村全面振兴 新质生产力 

分 类 号：F323[经济管理—产业经济]