利用纳米Mo改善液态金属基SiC/石墨烯混合纳米流体分散性与流动性  

Improving the Dispersibility and Flowability of Liquid Metal-based Si C/Graphene Hybrid Nanofluids Using Nano Mo

作　　者：蒋佳骏 吴张永[1] 孟仙 刘大仲 母昆杨 刘文龙 朱启晨 蔡昌礼 JIANG Jiajun;WU Zhangyong;MENG Xian;LIU Dazhong;MU Kunyang;LIU Wenlong;ZHU Qichen;CAI Changli(Faculty of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650500,China;Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China;Yunnan Kewei Liquid Metal Valley R&D Co.,Ltd.,Xuanwei 655400,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学机电工程学院,昆明650500 [2]昆明理工大学材料科学与工程学院,昆明650093 [3]云南科威液态金属谷研发有限公司,云南宣威655400

出　　处：《材料导报》2025年第10期178-188,共11页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51165012);四川省区域创新合作项目(2022YFQ0084);昆明理工大学分析测试基金(2021P20203103003)。

摘　　要：针对现有方法制备的液态金属基纳米流体存在分散性和流动性难以平衡的问题,本工作利用Mo纳米颗粒极高的表面能来改善液态金属与非金属混合纳米颗粒的相互作用能量关系,以期在保证流动性的前提下提高液态金属基混合纳米流体的分散性。理论分析了Mo纳米颗粒与液态金属在0.2~0.4 nm短特征距离的能量势垒变化,以及由此对SiC/石墨烯混合纳米颗粒的“捕获”机制,并设计润湿性实验和“捕获”实验予以证实。进一步分析了液态金属中Mo纳米颗粒与混合纳米颗粒之间在0.4~10 nm长特征距离范围内的相互作用,并得出正范德华势排斥作用带来的分散行为。以Ga_(68.5)In_(21.5)Sn_(10)为基础液,SiC纳米颗粒和物理法石墨烯(Graphene)为分散相,Mo纳米颗粒为中介物,制备液态金属基SiC/石墨烯-Mo混合纳米流体,遴选出稳定性良好的样品,利用SEM+EDS、涡流电导率仪、热常数分析仪和特制流变仪分析纯液态金属、新方法样品与传统氧化法样品的性能差异,并搭建液压回路测试不同介质条件下齿轮泵的温升特性,结果表明,新方法制备的样品分散性更好,导电性、导热性和流动性更佳,在齿轮泵中温升更缓。Facing the long-standing challenges of poor dispersion and flowability in liquid metal-based nanofluids,we propose to use the extremely high surface energy of Mo nanoparticles to improve the interaction energy relationship between liquid metal and non-metal mixed nanoparticles.This method can enhance the dispersion and flowability of liquid metal-based hybrid nanofluids.Theoretical analysis confirmed the energy barrier changes caused by the weak alloying of Mo nanoparticles with liquid metal at a short characteristic distance of 0.2—0.4 nm,as well as the“capture”mechanism of SiC/graphene mixed nanoparticles.Wettability experiments and“capture”experiments were designed to validate this mec-hanism.The interaction between Mo nanoparticles and mixed nanoparticles in liquid metal was analyzed in a long characteristic distance range of 0.4—10 nm,and the dispersion behavior by the repulsive positive van der Waals potential was observed.A liquid metal-based SiC/graphene hybrid nanofluid was prepared using Ga_(68.5)In_(21.5)Sn_(10)as the base fluid,SiC nanoparticles and physically prepared graphene as the dispersed phase,and Mo nanoparticles as the intermediate.A vacuum melting furnace was used for electromagnetic heating to prepare the liquid metal-based SiC/graphene hybrid nanofluid.SEM+EDS and a specially designed high-temperature rheometer were combined to analyze the differences in basic properties between the novel prepared sample and the sample prepared by traditional oxidation method.The results indicate that the sample prepared by the new method has better dispersion,conductivity,thermal conductivity,and flowability,and has a slower temperature rise in gear pumps.

关 键 词：液态金属 混合纳米流体 分散性 流动性 能量势垒 润湿性 范德华势 

分 类 号：TB34[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]