聚酰亚胺类复合隔热材料的研究进展  

Research Progress on Polyimide Composite Thermal Insulation Materials

作　　者：李仁豪 鲍艳 赵海航 LI Renhao;BAO Yan;ZHAO Haihang(College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering(College of Flexible Electronics),Shaanxi University of Science and Technology,Xi’an 710021,China;School of General Aviation,Jingchu University of Technology,Jingmen 448000,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西科技大学轻工科学与工程学院(柔性电子学院),西安710021 [2]荆楚理工学院通用航空学院,湖北荆门448000

出　　处：《材料导报》2025年第10期227-236,共10页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(22378253,22078188);咸阳市科技计划项目(2021ZDZX-GY-0007);荆楚理工学院校级科研项目(QN202313)。

摘　　要：聚酰亚胺具有优异的力学性能、热稳定性和低导热性。近年来,由于对节能的重视,聚酰亚胺类复合材料在隔热领域的应用引起了广泛研究。但传统聚酰亚胺复合隔热材料的隔热效果相比于无机复合材料并不占优势,因此研究具有超低导热系数的聚酰亚胺类复合隔热材料意义重大。本文综述了聚酰亚胺类复合隔热材料的研究进展,首先分析了聚酰亚胺类复合隔热材料的隔热机理,并对聚酰亚胺类复合隔热材料进行了分类,然后重点从聚酰亚胺分子链、填料类型及用量和复合成型工艺三方面归纳了其对聚酰亚胺类复合材料隔热性能的影响,并针对当前研究中存在的问题、未来的发展方向以及可行性方法进行了总结和展望。Polyimide exhibits excellent mechanical properties,thermal stability,and low thermal conductivity.In recent years,the application of polyimide composite materials in the field of thermal insulation has attracted widespread research interest due to the increasing emphasis on energy conservation.However,compared to inorganic composite materials,conventional polyimide composite thermal insulation materials do not have a significant advantage in thermal insulation performance.Therefore,developing polyimide-based composite thermal insulation materials with ultra-low thermal conductivity is of great significance.Herein,this article reviews the research progress on polyimide composite thermal insulation materials.It first analyzes the thermal insulation mechanisms and classifies the polyimide composite materials.Then the factors influencing the thermal insulation performance of polyimide composite materials are summarized,especially from the three aspects of polyimide molecular chains,filler types and quantities,as well as forming process.It finally concludes the challenges in current research and provides the prospects for future trends.

关 键 词：聚酰亚胺 复合材料 隔热材料 导热系数 

分 类 号：TQ342[化学工程—化纤工业]