六妹羊肚菌优良菌株筛选和实地栽培示范研究  

Study on the Screening and Field Cultivation Demonstration of Excellent Strains of Liumei Morels

作　　者：刘春婷 刘兰芳 江望菠 潘军 刘艳艳 张万芹[1] LIU Chunting;LIU Lanfang;JIANG Wangbo;PAN Jun;LIU Yanyan;ZHANG Wanqin(Minzu Normal University of Xingyi,Xingyi 562400,China)

机构地区：[1]兴义民族师范学院,贵州兴义562400

出　　处：《科技创新与生产力》2025年第4期105-109,113,共6页Sci-tech Innovation and Productivity

基　　金：贵州省高等学校药用生物遗传资源挖掘与利用创新团队项目(黔教技﹝2023﹞095号)。

摘　　要：本研究从六妹羊肚菌的不同部位分离羊肚菌,获得①-Z-2、①-J-4、③-Z-2、③-J-4、③-B-1、①-J-1共6株羊肚菌,通过菌丝继代培养法筛选优良菌株,并将6株羊肚菌进行实地栽培研究。结果表明:菌株经过15代的继代培养后,菌丝总体的生长速度逐代下降,菌丝密度变得稀疏,主干减少。G8代到G15代菌丝生长较稀疏,生长速度较慢,菌丝没有第八代之前健壮,分支减少。培养48 h后,观察到六株菌株中③-J-4、③-B-1的菌丝生长速度较其他4株快。通过实地栽培,③-J-4、③-B-1出菇率高且子实体品相都比其他四株好,③-J-4的总出菇质量为1734 g,③-B-1的总出菇质量为735.6 g,计算得出平均每亩地:③-J-4产子实体9800株,③-B-1产子实体5318株。菌丝生长速度快和菌核多的菌种在实地栽培中出菇效果好,为羊肚菌后续菌种的选择提供了依据。In this study,six morels are isolated from different parts of Liumei morels,and①-Z-2,①-J-4,③-Z-2,③-J-4,③-B-1,①-J-1 are cultured under the same conditions to study the growth of the fungus,and the results showed that after the 15 generations of subculture,the overall growth rate of mycelium decreased generation by generation,while the mycelium density became sparse and the backbone is reduced.From G8 to G15,they are less robust and less branched than before the eighth generation.After 48 hours of culture,we observes faster filament growth of③-J-4 and③-B-1 in the six strains than the other four.Through field cultivation,the rate of③-J-4 and③-B-1 is high and the fruiting bodies are better than the other four plants.The total weight of③-J-4 is 1734 g,and the total weight of③-B-1 is 735.6 g.The average per acre is calculated:③-J-4 produces 9800 fruiting bodies,③-B-1 produces 5318 fruiting bodies.The strains with fast mycelial growth rate and multiple sclerotia have good fruiting effect in field cultivation,providing a basis for the selection of subsequent strains of morel mushrooms.

关 键 词：羊肚菌 菌丝继代 实地栽培 

分 类 号：Q949.32[生物学—植物学]