兰州二阴地区磷肥施用量对紫叶莴笋产量和品质的影响  

Effects of Phosphorus Fertilizer Application Rates on the Yield and Quality of Purple-leaf Lettuce in High-humid Mountain Areas of Lanzhou

作　　者：薛莲 杨思存[2] 张鹏 王成宝[2] 高铁功 闫宗芳 XUE Lian;YANG Sicun;ZHANG Peng;WANG Chengbao;GAO Tiegong;YAN Zongfang(Lanzhou Agricultural Science and Technology Research and Extension Centre,Lanzhou Gansu 730030,China;Institute of Soil Fertilizer and Water-saving Agriculture,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou Gansu 730070,China;Lanzhou Agricultural Broadcasting School,Lanzhou Gansu 730030,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州市农业科技研究推广中心,甘肃兰州730030 [2]甘肃省农业科学院土壤肥料与节水农业研究所,甘肃兰州730070 [3]兰州市农业广播学校,甘肃兰州730030

出　　处：《寒旱农业科学》2025年第4期348-352,共5页Journal of Cold-Arid Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：甘肃省现代农业科技支撑体系区域创新中心项目(2021GAAS53)。

摘　　要：在兰州二阴地区明确紫叶莴笋适宜的施磷量,为紫叶莴笋的优质高效生产和土壤健康发展提供科学依据。试验共设4个施磷量处理,低磷水平(144 kg/hm^(2))、中磷水平(180 kg/hm^(2))、高磷水平(216 kg/hm^(2))、对照(CK,不施磷),研究了对紫叶莴笋产量和品质的影响。结果表明,与不施磷处理相比,不同施磷处理的紫叶莴笋株高提高5.34%~11.48%、茎粗提高18.07%~34.92%,产量增加37.80%~52.44%,茎部游离态氨基酸含量提高8.01%~39.50%,Vc含量提高4.08%~12.91%,其中以施磷量为180 kg/hm^(2)(中磷水平)处理的株高、茎粗、单株重、产量、茎部游离态氨基酸和Vc含量最高,施磷量为216 kg/hm^(2)(高磷水平)处理次之。施磷量为144 kg/hm^(2)(低磷水平)的硝酸盐含量较不施磷处理降低了4.95%,而施磷量为180、216 kg/hm^(2)处理较不施磷处理分别提高78.22%、103.96%。综合评价,中磷水平处理在兰州二阴地区紫叶莴笋的主要性状、产量及品质最优,即在施N 525 kg/hm^(2)、K2O 375 kg/hm^(2)的条件下,适宜的施P2O5量为180 kg/hm^(2),建议在当地推广。This study aimed to determine the appropriate phosphorus application rate for purple-leaf lettuce in the high-humid mountain areas of Lanzhou,providing a scientific basis for high-quality and efficient production as well as soil health improvement in lettuce production.4 treatments were included:low phosphorus(144 kg/ha),medium phosphorus(180 kg/ha),high phosphorus(216 kg/ha),and a control(CK,no phosphorus application),and application rate effect on the yield and quality of purple-leaf lettuce were studied.Results showed that compared with the control,plant height,stem diameter,yield,free amino acid content in stems,and vitamin C content under phosphorus treatments were increased by 5.34%to 11.48%,18.07%to 34.92%,37.80%to 52.44%,8.01%to 39.50%,and 4.08%to 12.91%,respectively.The medium phosphorus level(180 kg/ha)resulted in the highest values in plant height,stem diameter,single plant weight,yield,stem free amino acids,and vitamin C content,followed by the high phosphorus level(216 kg/ha).The nitrate content under the low phosphorus level(144 kg/ha)was 4.95%lower than the control,while the 180 and 216 kg/ha treatments increased nitrate content by 78.22%and 103.96%,respectively.In summary,the medium phosphorus level demonstrated the best performance in terms of key parameters,yield,and quality of purple-leaf lettuce in the high-humid mountain areas of Lanzhou.Under nitrogen application of 525 kg/ha and potassium oxide(K2O)of 375 kg/ha,the optimal phosphorus pentoxide(P2O5)application rate is 180 kg/ha,which is recommended for local adoption.

关 键 词：紫叶莴笋 磷肥 二阴地区 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S147.22[农业科学—肥料学]