磁共振成像在再生障碍性贫血中的研究进展  

Research progress on bone marrow magnetic resonance imaging of aplastic anemia

作　　者：崔啸天 高明洁[2] 陈涛 付卿桦 张牛霖 韩济鸿 游伊琳 李哲媛 王金环[2] CUI Xiaotian;GAO Mingjie;CHEN Tao;FU Qinghua;ZHANG Niulin;HAN Jihong;YOU Yilin;LI Zheyuan;WANG Jinhuan(Graduate School of Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Harbin 150040,China;Department of Hematology,the First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Harbin 150040,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江中医药大学研究生院,哈尔滨150040 [2]黑龙江中医药大学附属第一医院血液病科,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《磁共振成像》2025年第4期214-220,共7页Chinese Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:82474490);黑龙江省中医药科研课题项目(编号:ZHY2024-274)。

摘　　要：再生障碍性贫血(aplastic anemia,AA)是一种以全血细胞显著减少、骨髓增生能力低下、造血组织逐渐被脂肪组织取代为主要临床表现的骨髓造血功能衰竭综合征。作为一种严重威胁患者生命健康的血液系统疾病,目前对于AA的诊断方式仍局限于排除性诊断,找到清晰明确的诊断标准和诊断标志物仍是AA研究领域内亟需解决的重要问题,能否对其精准诊断和对病情予以有效评估,对优化治疗方案和改善AA患者的预后具有重要意义。MRI作为一种非侵入性、高分辨率的影像学检测手段,能够有效根据不同序列提供的不同特征来识别骨髓的生理病理变化,并分析骨髓的内部结构,该种检测方法可有效避免骨髓穿刺术等检查的创伤性及局限性。本文从AA病变状况的评估、疾病分型的确定、治疗效果的动态监测以及与其他相关血液系统疾病的鉴别诊断等多方面综述MRI在AA骨髓影像学研究领域中的多方面应用,以期为后续深入研究AA的病理基础提供可靠的影像学理论依据。Aplastic anemia(AA) is a bone marrow hematopoietic failure syndrome characterized by significant reduction in whole blood cells,low bone marrow proliferation capacity,and gradual replacement of hematopoietic tissue by adipose tissue.As a blood system disease that seriously threatens the life and health of patients,the current diagnosis of AA is still limited to exclusionary diagnosis.Finding clear and specific diagnostic criteria and biomarkers is still an important issue that needs to be addressed in the field of AA research.Accurate diagnosis and effective evaluation of the condition are of great significance for optimizing treatment plans and improving the prognosis of AA patients.MRI as a non-invasive and high-resolution imaging detection method,can effectively identify physiological and pathological changes in bone marrow based on different features provided by different sequences used,and analyze the internal structure of bone marrow.This detection method can effectively avoid the trauma and limitations of bone marrow puncture and other examinations.This article reviews the various applications of MRI in the field of bone marrow imaging research for AA,including the evaluation of AA lesions,determination of disease classification,dynamic monitoring of treatment efficacy,and differential diagnosis with other related hematological diseases.The aim is to provide reliable imaging theoretical basis for further in-depth research on the pathological basis of AA.

关 键 词：再生障碍性贫血 磁共振成像 骨髓 诊断 影像学 

分 类 号：R445.2[医药卫生—影像医学与核医学] R556.5[医药卫生—诊断学]