唐宋牙人牙行研究  

A Study on Brokers and Brokerage Firms in the Tang and Song Dynasties

作　　者：岳改荣 Yue Gairong(School of Literature and History,Shijiazhuang University,Shijiazhuang,China)

机构地区：[1]石家庄学院文史学院,河北石家庄050035

出　　处：《社会科学论坛》2025年第3期41-51,共11页Tribune of Social Sciences

基　　金：2023年度国家社会科学基金项目《晚清民国牙行档案文献整理与近代交易制度形成研究》阶段性成果,项目编号:23BZS106。

摘　　要：唐宋时期,牙人作为商品交易的中介,在商品经济的发展中扮演了重要角色。牙人的活动领域从牲畜交易扩展到田宅买卖、人口交易等多个领域,其社会地位也逐渐提升。宋代牙人与官府的联系更加紧密,牙人的职业化和专业化程度更加明显,牙人的来源更加广泛,包括女性、士人和僧人。牙人的地域范围也从城市市场扩展到农村市场和边疆市场。随着牙人职业优厚性的显现,宋代牙人数量急剧增多,政府对牙人的控制也进一步增强,以减轻牙人本身的逐利性给市场秩序带来的破坏。牙行的出现,作为牙人活动的场所,促进了商品的快速流通,解决了长途贩运过程中货物的安全存放问题,对当时的商业发展起到了积极的推动作用。During the Tang and Song dynasties,brokers(yaren)played a significant role in the development of the commodity economy as intermediaries in commodity transactions.The scope of their activities expanded from livestock trading to real estate transactions,human trafficking,and other areas,and their social status gradually increased.In the Song Dynasty,the connection between brokers and the government became tighter,with their professionalization and specialization increasing.The sources of brokers became more diverse,including women,scholars,and monks.The geographical range of brokers also expanded from urban markets to rural and frontier markets.With the emergence of the lucrative nature of the brokers profession,the number of brokers in the Song Dynasty surged rapidly,and the government’s control over them was further strengthened to mitigate the damage to market order caused by their profitseeking nature.The emergence of brokerage firms(yahang),as the venues for brokers activities,facilitated the rapid circulation of goods and addressed the safe storage of goods during long-distance transportation,playing a positive role in the commercial development of the time.

关 键 词：唐宋 牙人 庄宅牙人 官牙 牙行 

分 类 号：F713.6[经济管理—产业经济]