平台经济中契约正义的程序保障  

Procedural Safeguards for Contractual Justice in the Platform Economy

作　　者：刘权 Liu Quan

机构地区：[1]中央财经大学

出　　处：《中外法学》2025年第2期306-324,共19页Peking University Law Journal

基　　金：司法部2024年度法治建设与法学理论研究重点课题“数字法治政府建设背景下提升依法行政水平研究”(项目编号:24SFB1008)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：平台经济属于契约经济,但缔约时的“同意”日益流于形式、履约过程中不断新增平台规则、解约自由面临困境等现象,已表明数字时代的契约自由面临严重危机。过度依靠设定实体标准和适用实体原则维护契约正义的传统范式,越来越难以全面保障平台经济中的契约正义。程序通过增进平等、强化沟通、增加透明等过程性控制机制,可以保障契约自由协商的真实性、提升合意内容的公平性并促进合意实现的公正性。在中国式现代化进程中,充分重视程序对契约正义的保障功能,是中国特色社会主义市场经济对平等的要求,是私法中公平原则对正义的要求,是有为政府保障基本权利的要求。为了促进平台经济高质量发展,应当以有效市场和有为政府更好结合为理念落实常态化监管,以合理的告知程序、透明的公开程序、有效的听取意见程序、充分的说明理由程序等正当程序为核心构建基本的平台程序制度,实现效率与公平的统一。The platform economy operates within the framework of contract-based transactions.However,the formalization of“consent”at the time of contract formation,the continuous addition of platform rules during performance,and the constraints on the freedom to terminate contracts indicate that contractual freedom is facing a severe crisis in the digital age.The traditional approach of safeguarding contractual justice by imposing substantive standards and applying substantive principles is increasingly inadequate in ensuring fairness within the platform economy.Procedural mechanisms,by enhancing equality,strengthening communication,and increasing transparency,can ensure the authenticity of contractual negotiations,improve the fairness of agreement terms,and promote the just enforcement of agreements.In the process of Chinese modernization,fully recognizing the role of procedural safeguards in contractual justice aligns with the socialist market economy's emphasis on equality,the principle of fairness in private law's pursuit of justice,and the proactive government's role in safeguarding fundamental rights.To promote the high-quality development of the platform economy,regulatory oversight should be institutionalized based on the integrated approach of an effective market and a proactive government.The establishment of a fundamental procedural framework for platform governance should be centered on procedural fairness,incorporating reasonable notification procedures,transparent disclosure processes,effective consultation mechanisms,and sufficient justification requirements.However,in doing so,a balance must be maintained between efficiency and fairness.

关 键 词：平台经济 契约自由 平台程序 契约正义 常态化监管 

分 类 号：D923[政治法律—民商法学]