中国9省市老年人能力评估师从业现状调查  

Survey on the current employment status of elderly ability assessors in nine provinces in China

作　　者：廖思媚 王爱平 刘金霞 景丽伟 Liao Simei;Wang Aiping;Liu Jinxia;Jing Liwei(School of Nursing,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100069,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学护理学院,北京100069 [2]中国医科大学护理学院

出　　处：《护理学杂志》2025年第7期90-94,103,共6页Journal of Nursing Science

基　　金：2022年度国家社会科学基金项目(22BSH112)。

摘　　要：目的了解中国老年人能力评估师从业现状,为持续推动老年人能力评估师的职业发展提供参考。方法2023年8-9月,采用方便取样法,使用自行设计的老年人能力评估师从业现状调查问卷对中国9个省、自治区、直辖市的老年人能力评估师进行调查。结果共收回有效问卷1609份。老年人能力评估师中女性占97.89%,本科学历者占80.24%,护理学专业背景者占97.33%,兼职从业者占68.37%,医疗机构内执业者占92.42%,从事老年人能力评估工作1年以下占39.53%;94.10%的从业者认为开展老年人能力评估重要且有意义,88.32%认为该职业符合社会发展需求,74.64%愿意从事该职业;87.32%有培训需求,但仅有28.65%的从业者参加过老年人能力评估师培训,86.95%的从业者希望以案例形式学习,仅有2.24%获得老年人能力评估师国家职业资格证书或技能等级证书;评估过程中交流困难主要集中在与失智(80.61%)、失聪(73.40%)和失语老人(67.81%)的沟通,尽管93.04%的评估师能在60 min内完成一次评估,但每年服务对象不足20人的比例达66.31%。一半以上老年人能力评估师有职业晋升、加薪和科研教学需求。结论老年人能力评估师职业发展面临培训力度不足、认证体系不健全、服务的规范化水平不够等问题,需加强护理主导的培训体系建设,国家应从政策和制度层面逐步完善老年人能力评估师的职业发展路径,推动职业规范化发展。Objective To understand the current employment status of elderly ability assessors in China,and to provide references for the ongoing development of this profession.Methods From August to September 2023,a convenience sampling method was employed to conduct a questionnaire survey using a self-designed survey instrument targeting elderly ability assessors across nine provinces,autonomous regions,and municipalities in China.Results A total of 1,609 valid questionnaires were collected.Among the elderly ability assessors,97.89%were female,80.24%held a bachelor′s degree,and 97.33%had a background in nursing.Part-time assessors accounted for 68.37%,while 92.42%practiced within medical institutions.Additionally,39.53%had less than one year of experience in geriatric assessment.Notably,94.10%of assessors believed that conducting geriatric assessments is important and meaningful,and 88.32%felt that the profession meets societal development needs.Furthermore,74.64%expressed a willingness to pursue this career.While 87.32%of assessors expressed training needs,only 28.65%had participated in formal elderly ability assessment training programs.A substantial majority(86.95%)preferred case-based learning approaches.Merely 2.24%possessed National Vocational Qualification Certificates or Skill Level Certifications in elderly ability assessment.Communication difficulties were predominantly reported by varied percentage of the assessors with dementia patients(80.61%),hearing-impaired older adults(73.40%),or speech-impaired older adults(67.81%).Despite 93.04%of assessors completing assessments within 60 minutes,66.31%served fewer than 20 clients annually.Over 50%of the assessors demonstrated needs for career advancement opportunities,salary increment expectations,engagement in research/teaching activities.Conclusion Elderly ability assessors in China's Mainland are relatively confident about the development of their profession,but there is a need for more training opportunities to support their professional growth.

关 键 词：老年人 能力评估师 从业现状 养老机构 老年综合评估 失智 失能 老年护理 

分 类 号：R472.3[医药卫生—护理学]