我国口述档案建设的现状、困境与路径  

The Current Situation,Dilemmas and Approaches of the Oral Archives Construction in China

作　　者：朱彤[1] 卢思佳 裴佳杰 ZHU Tong;LU Sijia;PEI Jiajie(Archives of China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing,Beijing 100083;School of Information Resource Management,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京)档案馆,北京100083 [2]中国人民大学信息资源管理学院,北京100872

出　　处：《档案学研究》2025年第2期83-91,共9页Archives Science Study

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“新《档案法》背景下档案开放体系构建研究”(21CTQ029);北京市档案局科研项目“红色档案资源在大学生思想政治教育中的价值意蕴及其路径研究”(2023-12);中国矿业大学(北京)本科教育教学改革与研究项目(专项项目)“档案赋能能源行业类高校课程思政的实践探赜”(J24ZX18)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：口述档案是国家档案资源体系的重要组成,是对传统档案记忆属性的丰富与延伸。加强口述档案建设,有助于全面记录中国社会发展进程、生动呈现中华文明赓续历史。本文以2018年《口述史料采集与管理规范》(DA/T 59—2017)实施为时间节点,综合运用网络调查、政策文本分析、结构化访谈、文献调研等方法,从学术研究、制度建设、实践推进三方面系统考察我国2018—2023年口述档案建设的基本情况。调研发现,我国口述档案建设仍然存在一些问题:顶层设计有待加强,口述档案政策动力不足;概念争议亟待厘清,口述档案内涵外延不明;资源结构存在短板,口述档案采集范围不全;开发利用程度不高,口述档案建设效用受限。为此,本文提出建议:立足国家社会需要,激发口述档案政策活力;认可口述档案身份,明确其内涵外延;完善协同共建机制,优化口述档案资源结构;重视开发利用环节,有效盘活口述档案资源。Oral archives are a crucial component of the national archives resource system,enriching and extending the memory attributes of traditional archives.Strengthening oral archives construction helps comprehensively document the development process of Chinese society and vividly present the continuous history of Chinese civilization.This study takes the implementation of the 2018 the Code of Oral Collection and Management of Historical Materials (DA/T 59-2017) as the starting point for survey.Through online surveys,policy analysis,structured interviews and literature review,it gathered multi-source data to examine the basic situation of oral archives construction in China from 2018 to 2023,focusing on academic research,institutional construction,and practical promotion.It found that there are still some problems in oral archives resources construction in China:top-level design needs to be strengthened,and the policy momentum for oral archives is insufficient;conceptual controversies need to be clarified,and the connotation and extension of oral archives are unclear;the resource structure has shortcomings,and the scope of oral archives collection is incomplete;the degree of development of oral archives is low,and the utility is limited.Therefore,it is recommended to:stimulating the policy vitality of oral archives based on national social needs;recognizing the identity of oral archives,and clarifying their connotation and extension;improving the collaborative construction mechanism,and optimizing the resource structure of oral archives;paying attention to the development and utilization,and effectively activate oral archives resources.

关 键 词：口述档案 档案资源建设 社会记忆 

分 类 号：G279.2[文化科学—档案学]