基于多光谱信息的国产测绘卫星影像水体提取技术研究  

Research on Water Body Extraction Technology from Domestic Mapping Satellite Imagery Based on Multispectral Information

作　　者：樊晓兵 张军伟 王洁 Fan Xiaobing;Zhang Junwei;Wang Jie(The First GeoInformation Mapping Institute of Ministry of Natural Resources,Xi'an,China)

机构地区：[1]自然资源部第一地理信息制图院,陕西西安

出　　处：《科学技术创新》2025年第12期39-42,共4页Scientific and Technological Innovation

摘　　要：在环境监测领域,简便高效获得水体环境信息是实现有效管控、维持生态平衡的重要基础。航天卫星测绘技术高速发展,遥感卫星图象画幅宽、分辨率高,可提供大量低成本、高区域性、大信息量的水体环境影像信息。研究以高分二号(GF-2)卫星多光谱数据为基础,结合ArcGIS多源信息数据系统,通过波段加权运算进行数据预处理,实现对植被和水体信息的色调区分。通过归一化分析,分析水体指数确定判断阈值,结合区域生长法进行水体提取。以混淆矩阵法对提取精度进行有效性验证,通过分析分类、制图与用户精度等多个参数,对水体识别结果的可靠性进行全方位评价。In the field of environmental protection and water body monitoring,obtaining water environment information in a simple and efficient manner is crucial for effective management and maintenance of ecological balance.The development of aerospace satellite mapping technology provides abundant low-cost,highly regional,and information-rich data on water environmental impacts,with remote sensing data featuring wide swath and high resolution.This study is based on multispectral data from the Gaofen-2(GF-2)satellite and integrates the ArcGIS multi-source information data system.Through band-weighted operations for data preprocessing,it achieves color differentiation between vegetation and water bodies.By employing normalized analysis,water body indices are determined to establish judgment thresholds,which are then combined with the region growing method for water body extraction.The accuracy of the extraction is validated through shoreline registration and change detection methods.The extracted water body data,in conjunction with the Gaussian distribution dual-threshold detection method,is used for spatial anomaly analysis of river water quality,providing fundamental data for environmental monitoring.

关 键 词：多光谱遥感 影像分析 精细识别 密度分析 

分 类 号：P237[天文地球—摄影测量与遥感]