不同沟槽结构下水润滑轴承摩擦振动性能试验研究  

Experimental Study on the Friction and Vibration Performance of Water-Lubricated Bearings with Different Groove Structures

作　　者：张旭[1] 梁兴鑫 向永坤 何涛[5] 莫司丞 ZHANG Xu;LIANG Xingxin;XIANG Yongkun;HE Tao;MO Sicheng(School of Naval Architecture,Ocean and Energy Power Engineering,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan Hubei 430063,China;Key Laboratory of Marine Power Engineering and Technology(Wuhan University of Technology),Ministry of Transport,Wuhan Hubei 430063,China;East Lake Laboratory,Wuhan Hubei 430202,China;School of Transportation and Logistics Engineering,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan Hubei 430063,China;Wuhan Second Ship Design and Research Institute,Wuhan Hubei 430205,China;Ferry Management Department of Hainan Railway Co.,Ltd.,Haikou Hainan 570106,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学船海与能源动力工程学院,湖北武汉430063 [2]船舶动力工程技术交通运输行业重点实验室(武汉理工大学),湖北武汉430063 [3]东湖实验室,湖北武汉430202 [4]武汉理工大学交通与物流工程学院,湖北武汉430063 [5]武汉第二船舶设计研究所,湖北武汉430205 [6]海南铁路有限公司轮渡管理部,海南海口570106

出　　处：《润滑与密封》2025年第4期118-125,共8页Lubrication Engineering

基　　金：船舶动力工程技术交通运输行业重点实验室开放基金项目(KLMPET2021-01);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2021IVA023)。

摘　　要：针对水下航行器对低振动、高承载、长寿命水润滑尾轴承的需求,使用仿真和试验手段,开展全沟槽结构和局部沟槽结构的两轴承试样在不同工况下的润滑和振动特性研究。试验结果表明:相较于全沟槽结构,局部沟槽结构的水润滑轴承综合性能最佳,具有较低的摩擦因数,在低速重载工况下更容易形成流体动压润滑;试验结果与仿真结果吻合;比压对两轴承摩擦因数有显著影响,全沟槽轴承摩擦因数随着比压的增大而增加,局部沟槽轴承随比压增加摩擦因数显著降低,且在流量充足的条件下全沟槽轴承温升高于局部沟槽;随着转速的升高,两轴承振动总体上呈现增大的趋势且振动主要来源于低频振动;振动随比压升高无明显变化,相较于比压,转速更能影响轴承的振动特性。To meet the requirements of underwater vehicles for water lubricated stern bearings with low vibration,high load carrying capacity and extended service life,the lubrication and vibration characteristics of stern bearings with different groove structures were investigated under various operating conditions using both simulation and experimental methods.The experimental results demonstrate that,compared to water-lubricated bearings with a full groove structure,those with a local groove structure exhibit superior comprehensive performance,including a lower friction coefficient and an enhanced ability to form hydrodynamic lubrication under high-speed and heavy-load conditions.These experimental findings are consistent with the simulation results.The specific pressure significantly influences the friction coefficient of both bearing types.For the full groove bearing,the friction coefficient increases with rising specific pressure,whereas for the local groove bearing,it decreases markedly under the same conditions.Under sufficient flow conditions,the temperature rise in the full groove bearing is higher than that in the local groove bearing.As the rotational speed increases,the vibration levels of both bearings generally exhibit an upward trend,predominantly manifesting as low-frequency vibrations.In contrast,vibration shows minimal variation with changes in specific pressure,indicating that rotational speed has a more pronounced influence on the vibration characteristics of the bearings compared to specific pressure.These findings offer valuable insights for the design and performance testing of water-lubricated bearings,contributing to the development of more efficient and durable solutions for underwater vehicle applications.

关 键 词：水润滑轴承 全沟槽结构 局部沟槽结构 润滑性能 振动特性 

分 类 号：TH117.1[机械工程—机械设计及理论] U664.21[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]