碘缺乏病干预行动前后威海市孕妇碘营养情况分析  

Iodine nutrition status of pregnant women in Weihai City before and after iodine deficiency disorders intervention

作　　者：刘树亮 孙华强[2] 张国英[1] 王芝芳[3] 修林青 张凌斐[2] 吴彦君 殷敏 林蕾 赵帅[1] Liu Shuliang;Sun Huaqiang;Zhang Guoying;Wang Zhifang;Xiu Linqing;Zhang Lingfei;Wu Yanjun;Yin Min;Lin Lei;Zhao Shuai(Department of Chronic Non-Infectious Disease Prevention and Control,Weihai Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Weihai 264200,China;Department of Physical and Chemical Testing,Weihai Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Weihai 264200,China;Department of Endemic Disease Control,Weihai Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Weihai 264200,China;Department of Infectious Disease Control,Weihai Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Weihai 264200,China)

机构地区：[1]威海市疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染性疾病防制科,威海264200 [2]威海市疾病预防控制中心理化检验科,威海264200 [3]威海市疾病预防控制中心地方病防制科,威海264200 [4]威海市疾病预防控制中心传染病防制科,威海264200

出　　处：《中华地方病学杂志》2025年第4期313-317,共5页Chinese Journal of Endemiology

摘　　要：目的分析威海市碘缺乏病干预行动前后(2022、2023年)孕妇碘营养情况,了解碘缺乏病干预行动实施效果,为调整该市碘缺乏病防治措施提供科学依据。方法2023年5月,对威海市孕妇开展碘缺乏病干预行动。分别于2022年4月和2023年12月,采用横断面调查方法,在该市4个区(市),每个区(市)按照东、西、南、北、中划分为5个片区,每个片区抽取1个乡镇(街道),每个乡镇(街道)抽取不少于20名孕妇作为调查对象,采集其家中食用盐盐样和随机1次尿样,测定盐碘和尿碘含量,进行对比分析。结果共检测孕妇家中食用盐盐样922份,其中碘盐530份、合格碘盐469份,盐碘中位数为24.00 mg/kg。碘盐覆盖率、碘盐合格率、合格碘盐食用率分别为57.48%、88.49%、50.87%。2022、2023年盐碘中位数分别为24.26、24.00 mg/kg,二者比较差异无统计学意义(Z=-1.58,P=0.113)。2023年碘盐覆盖率、合格碘盐食用率均高于2022年[73.72%(373/506)比37.74%(157/416),65.22%(330/506)比33.41%(139/416),χ^(2)=120.90、92.40,均P<0.001]。共采集孕妇尿样922份,尿碘中位数为135.90μg/L。2022年孕妇尿碘中位数为113.55μg/L,不同地区间比较差异有统计学意义(H=27.91,P<0.001)。2023年孕妇尿碘中位数为153.00μg/L,不同地区间比较差异无统计学意义(H=3.33,P=0.343)。2023年,环翠区、文登区、乳山市孕妇尿碘中位数(156.60、155.00、140.85μg/L)均高于2022年(93.60、110.00、110.70μg/L),差异均有统计学意义(Z=-5.44、-4.92、-5.99,均P<0.001)。2023年威海市孕妇尿碘中位数高于2022年,差异有统计学意义(Z=-7.62,P<0.001)。结论威海市碘缺乏病干预行动取得良好效果,碘盐覆盖率、合格碘盐食用率、孕妇碘营养水平均有所提升。应继续深入推行碘缺乏病干预行动,进一步改善重点人群碘营养水平,保持持续消除碘缺乏状态。ObjectiveTo analyze the iodine nutrition status of pregnant women in Weihai City before and after(2022,2023)the iodine deficiency disorders(IDD)intervention,evaluate the effectiveness of intervention measures,and provide a scientific basis for adjusting IDD prevention strategies in the city.MethodsIn May 2023,the intervention action of IDD was carried out for pregnent women in Weihai City.In April 2022 and December 2023,respectively,a cross-sectional survey method was conducted in four districts(cities)of Weihai City.Each district(city)was divided into five areas(east,west,south,north,and central)each year,and one township(street)was selected from each areas.At least 20 pregnant women were selected from each township(street)as survey subjects,and their household salt samples and random urine samples were collected to measure salt iodine and urinary iodine concentrations,and to compare the test results.ResultsA total of 922 household salt samples were tested,including 530 iodized salt samples and 469 qualified iodized salt samples.The median salt iodine was 24.00 mg/kg.The coverage rate of iodized salt,the qualified rate of iodized salt,and the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt were 57.48%,88.49%,and 50.87%,respectively.No significant difference was observed in medians salt iodine between 2022(24.26 mg/kg)and 2023(24.00 mg/kg,Z=-1.58,P=0.113).However,the coverage rate of iodized salt and the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt in 2023 werehigher than those in 2022[73.72%(373/506)vs 37.74%(157/416),65.22%(330/506)vs 33.41%(139/416),χ^(2)=120.90,92.40,P<0.001].A total of 922 urine samples were collected from pregnant women,with a median urinary iodine of 135.90μg/L.The median urinary iodine of pregnant women in 2022 was 113.55μg/L.There was a statistically significant difference in medians urinary iodine among different regions(H=27.91,P<0.001).The median urinary iodine of pregnant women in 2023 was 153.00μg/L.There was no statistically significant difference in medians urinary iodine among diffe

关 键 词：盐类 尿 孕妇 碘营养 干预 

分 类 号：R591.1[医药卫生—内科学]