深化农村宅基地制度改革,完善城乡融合发展体制机制  

Deepening the Reform of the Rural Homestead System and Improving the Institutional Mechanisms for Integrated Urban-Rural Development

作　　者：蔡继明 熊柴 刘媛 Cai Jiming;Xiong Chai;Liu Yuan(School of Social Sciences,Tsinghua University,Beijing;School of Business,China University of Political Science and Law,Beijing;School of Economics,Capital University of Economics and Business,Beijing)

机构地区：[1]清华大学社会科学学院 [2]中国政法大学商学院 [3]首都经济贸易大学经济学院

出　　处：《经济社会体制比较》2025年第2期11-17,共7页Comparative Economic & Social Systems

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“数据要素参与分配的价值基础和实现形式研究”(项目编号:24&ZD327);中国政法大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助“城乡融合发展与土地资源优化配置”(项目编号:10824836)。

摘　　要：土地制度是当前我国要素配置市场化改革较为滞后的领域,农村宅基地制度则是其中最薄弱的环节。要全面贯彻落实党的二十届三中全会精神,完善城乡融合发展体制机制,文章认为必须同步推进城乡土地产权同权化和资源配置市场化改革,根据“房地一体”“地随房走”的原则,在允许农房通过出租、入股、合作等方式盘活利用的同时,推动闲置宅基地有偿退出、合理转换用途,与国有建设用地平等入市,从而赋予农民宅基地完整的用益物权和担保物权,拓宽农民获取财产收益和抵押融资的渠道。The land system remains one of the most lagging sectors in China's broader push for market-oriented reform in the allocation of production factors,with the rural homestead system representing its most fragile link.In alignment with the guiding principles of the Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China,and in pursuit of a more refined institutional framework for integrated urban-rural development,this paper contends that the equalization of land property rights across urban and rural domains must proceed in tandem with the market-oriented reform of resource allocation.Guided by the principle of the unity of housing and land-where the transfer of property entails the simultaneous transfer of its underlying land-rural housing should be revitalized through means such as leasing,equity participation,and cooperative models.Concurrently,the compensated withdrawal and rational repurposing of idle homestead land should be encouraged,enabling its entry into the market on an equal footing with state-owned construction land.This transformation will endow farmers with full usufructuary and collateral rights to their homesteads,expanding their avenues for deriving property income and accessing mortgage financing.

关 键 词：城乡融合发展 宅基地制度改革 流转范围 平等入市 有偿退出 

分 类 号：F321.1[经济管理—产业经济]