新世纪以来西方左翼学者对共产主义观念的重构——基于齐泽克和巴迪欧视角的分析  

Reconstruction of the Idea of Communism by Western Left-wing Scholars since the New Century:Analysis from the Perspectives of Slavoj Zizek and Alain Badiou

作　　者：袁蓓 Yuan Bei(School of Marxism,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学马克思主义学院,北京100871

出　　处：《教学与研究》2025年第4期122-130,共9页Teaching and Research

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学研究后期资助项目“当代资本主义社会批判理论的‘空间转向’研究”(项目号:21JHQ029)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：新世纪以来,面对社会的激烈变革加速推进垄断资本在世界范围内扩张,资本主义的矛盾与冲突愈演愈烈,西方左翼激进主义呈现出向共产主义复归的新动向,其中齐泽克与巴迪欧的讨论产生了重要影响。前者从资本主义所内含的“对抗性”视角出发揭示了重构共产主义观念的必然性,后者通过提出“共产主义假设”与“共产主义理念”展现了重构共产主义的基本路径。但由于撇开一切经济的内涵,并把共产主义理解为康德意义上的范导性观念,齐泽克认为巴迪欧最终退回到了“伦理社会主义”,从而与马克思的共产主义叙事具有本质性差别。Since the beginning of the 2lst century,amid intensified global expansion of financial monopoly capital and escalating contradictions and conflicts inherent to capitalism,the Western radi-cal left has proposed to reconstruct the concept of communism,with Slavoj Zizek and Alain Badiou emerging as influential figures.Zizek argues for the inevitability of redefining the concept of commu-nism from the perspective of“antagonism”embedded within capitalism.Badiou,through his proposi-tions of the“communist hypothesis”and“idea of communism”,outlines a foundational pathway for revitalizing communism.However,Zizek critiques Badiou for viewing communism as a normative concept in the Kantian sense which is divorced from all material economic content,ultimately relegating it to“ethical socialism”,a framework fundamentally distinct from Marx's theory of communism.

关 键 词：西方激进左翼 共产主义观念 齐泽克 巴迪欧 

分 类 号：D091[政治法律—政治学]