基于浸入边界法的阀芯振荡空化研究  

Research on Valve Core Oscillation Cavitation Based on Immersion Boundary Method

作　　者：张旭 郑直[1] 闵为[1] 朱斌权 包春祖 王虎军 ZHANG Xu;ZHENG Zhi;MIN Wei;ZHU Binquan;BAO Chunzu;WANG Hujun(College of Energy and Power Engineering,Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou Gansu 730050,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州理工大学能源与动力工程学院,甘肃兰州730050

出　　处：《机床与液压》2025年第7期105-110,共6页Machine Tool & Hydraulics

摘　　要：锥阀作为调压阀工作时,阀芯极易出现轴向振荡,导致流场出现空化现象,严重影响液压系统的调压精度和工作稳定性。为探究阀芯振荡过程中产生空化的机制,基于开源平台OpenFoam二次开发出具有动态浸入边界功能的两相空化流求解器,并采用数值计算与可视化实验相结合的方法,以先导式压力调节锥阀的导阀为研究对象,探究阀芯振荡过程中产生空化的机制及影响因素。结果表明:在阀芯振荡关闭阶段,随着阀口开度逐渐减小,阀腔中油液受惯性影响向出口流动,形成大范围低压区,促使油液中的空化气核剧烈膨胀并产生二次空化,使得阀腔中形成大范围的空泡群;在阀芯振荡开启初始阶段,阀口处射流会产生附着型射流空化,随着阀芯不断开启,射流撞击阀芯壁面形成的回射流会剪断阀口处射流势核,导致射流空化演化为游移型空化。When the cone valve works as a pressure regulator,the valve core is prone to axial oscillation,leading to cavitation in the flow field,which seriously affects the pressure regulation accuracy and working stability of the hydraulic system.To explore the mechanism of cavitation generated during valve core oscillation,a two-phase cavitation flow solver with dynamic immersion boundary function was developed based on the open-source platform OpenFoam.Taking the pilot valve of pilot pressure regulating cone valve as the research object,numerical calculation and visualization experiments were used to explore the mechanism and influencing factors of cavitation during valve core oscillation.The results indicate that during the oscillation and closure stage of the valve core,as the valve opening gradually decreases,the oil in the valve chamber flows towards the outlet under the influence of inertia,creating a wide range of low-pressure areas that promote the vigorous expansion of cavitation nuclei in the oil,resulting in secondary cavitation and the formation of a large range of bubble groups in the valve chamber.At the initial stage of valve core oscillation opening,the jet at the valve port will generate adhesive jet cavitation.As the valve core continues to open,the backflow formed by the jet hitting the valve core wall will cut off the jet potential core at the valve port,causing the jet cavitation to evolve into drift type cavitation.

关 键 词：阀芯振荡 空化机制 浸入边界 OPENFOAM 

分 类 号：TH137.52[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]