基于流量均匀分配的八角形布水器蓄热性能及优化研究  

Study on Thermal Storage Performance and Optimization of Octagonal Diffuser Based on Uniform Flow Distribution

作　　者：贾春强 范文斌 孙斌 李乃昶 刘鑫洋 JIA Chunqiang;FAN Wenbin;SUN Bin;LI Naichang;LIU Xinyang(School of Mechanical Engineering,Shenyang Jianzhu University,Shenyang Liaoning 110168,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳建筑大学机械工程学院,辽宁沈阳110168

出　　处：《机床与液压》2025年第7期118-128,共11页Machine Tool & Hydraulics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(51902211);辽宁省“揭榜挂帅”科技计划重点项目(2022JH1/10800009)。

摘　　要：布水器作为斜温层蓄热水罐中的重要部件,其参数对蓄热罐的蓄热性能——斜温层厚度及其形成时间,具有重要影响。以某八角形布水器为研究对象,针对流量分配不均匀问题提出一种基于AMESim的解决方案。在实现布水器流量均匀分配的基础上,采用CFD数值模拟方法研究布水器半径、支管管径、分配管管径以及入口流速等参数对蓄热性能的影响,并通过二阶响应面模型结合多目标遗传算法对各参数进行优化。结果表明:适当减小布水器半径,增大支管管径、分配管管径和入口流速,有助于减小斜温层厚度和缩短形成时间;优化后的布水器使斜温层厚度及其形成时间分别较初始值减小了3.49 m(77.2%)和488.2 s(75.4%),有效地提升了蓄热罐的蓄热性能。As an important component of the thermocline thermal storage tank,the parameters of the diffuser have a significant impact on the thermal storage performance of the heat storage tank,namely thermocline thickness and its formation time.Taking an octagonal diffuser as the research object,a solution method based on AMESim was proposed to address uneven flow distribution.On the basis of achieving uniform flow distribution in the distributor,CFD numerical simulation was employed to study the impacts of diffuser radius,branch pipes diameter,distribution pipe diameter,and inlet velocity on heat storage performance.Furthermore,second-order response surface experiments with a multi-objective genetic algorithm were designed to optimize these parameters.The results show that appropriately reducing distributor radius,increasing branch pipe diameter,distribution pipe diameter and inlet velocity are helpful to reduce thermocline thickness and shorten formation time.The optimized diffuser reduces thermocline thickness by 3.49 m(77.2%)and formation time by 488.2 s(75.4%),respectively,compared with the initial value,which significantly improves the thermal storage performance of the storage tank.

关 键 词：八角形布水器 蓄热性能 流量均匀分配 响应面法 参数优化 

分 类 号：TK02[动力工程及工程热物理] TK124