三级喷嘴-挡板式电液伺服阀健康诊断技术研究  

Research on Health Diagnosis Technology of Three Stage Nozzle-Flapper Electrohydraulic Servo Valve

作　　者：钱占松 王烨波 QIAN Zhansong;WANG Yebo(AVIC Nanjing Servo Control System Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing Jiangsu 210061,China;Aviation Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Aero Electromechanical System Integration,AVIC Jincheng Nanjing Engineering Institute of Aircraft Systems,Nanjing Jiangsu 210061,China;The Third Military Representative Office of the Air Force Equipment Department in Nanjing Area,Nanjing Jiangsu 211100,China)

机构地区：[1]中航工业南京伺服控制系统有限公司,江苏南京210061 [2]航空工业金城南京机电液压工程研究中心,航空机电系统综合航空科技重点实验室,江苏南京210061 [3]空军装备部驻南京地区第三军事代表室,江苏南京211100

出　　处：《机床与液压》2025年第7期146-155,共10页Machine Tool & Hydraulics

摘　　要：为提高三级电液伺服阀的可靠性及故障诊断效率,以三级喷嘴-挡板式大流量电液伺服阀为对象,研究其健康诊断技术,旨在通过仿真与试验相结合的方法,构建典型故障特征库,实现快速故障定位与诊断。基于AMESim仿真平台对伺服阀关键组件(先导伺服阀、功率级滑阀、位置传感器及控制器)进行精细化建模,并通过参数标定与动态特性验证确保模型的准确性。针对典型故障模式开展仿真分析,通过调整节流孔通流面积来模拟喷嘴/节流孔堵塞,修改反馈杆小球与阀芯的间隙参数以表征反馈杆小球磨损,增大阀芯摩擦力以模拟先导阀与主滑阀芯因污染导致摩擦力增大的情况。最后,搭建包含液压动力源、数据采集系统及伺服阀试验台的验证平台,采集正常与异常状态下的输出曲线,对比仿真与试验数据的一致性。结果表明:通过AMESim建模与多故障仿真以及试验验证,所提健康诊断方法能够准确识别喷嘴堵塞、反馈杆磨损等典型故障特征,定位故障根源。该方法可扩展至力矩马达气隙变化、弹簧管刚度变化、磁量减弱、传感器非线性等未涵盖故障模式,为构建三级伺服阀全生命周期健康管理技术奠定了基础。To improve the reliability and fault diagnosis efficiency of three stage electro-hydraulic servo valves,the health diagnosis technology for a three stage nozzle-flapper high-flow electro-hydraulic servo valve was studied.The typical fault feature database was constructed through a combined simulation and experimental approach to realize rapid fault localization and diagnosis.High-fidelity model of key servo valve components(including the pilot servo valve,power-stage spool,position sensor,and controller)was developed using the AMESim simulation platform,and the model accuracy was ensured through parameter calibration and dynamic characteristic validation.According to the typical fault modes,the simulation analysis was carried out by adjusting the orifice flow area to simulate the nozzle/throttle hole blockage,modifying the clearance parameters between the feedback rod ball and the spool to characterize the feedback rod ball wear,and increasing the spool friction to simulate the increased friction between the pilot valve and the main spool due to pollution.Finally,a validation platform integrating a hydraulic power source,data acquisition system,and servo valve test bench was constructed.Output curves under normal and abnormal conditions were collected,and consistency between simulation and experimental data was analyzed.The results show that the proposed health diagnosis method,combining AMESim-based modeling,multi-fault simulations,and experimental verification,accurately identifies typical fault features such as nozzle blockage and feedback rod wear,enabling precise fault root-cause localization.Furthermore,this method can be extended to unaddressed fault modes,including torque motor air gapvariations,spring tube stiffness degradation,magnetic flux attenuation,and sensor nonlinearities,laying the foundation for lifecycle health management technology for three stage servo valves.

关 键 词：三级电液伺服阀 健康诊断 喷嘴或节流孔堵塞 反馈杆小球磨损 阀芯污染 

分 类 号：TH137[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]