位移流量反馈型电液比例方向阀仿真研究  

Simulation Research on Displacement Flow Feedback Type Electro-Hydraulic Proportional Directional Valve

作　　者：李国琳 孙大铭 王进 王松峰 张政梅[1] LI Guolin;SUN Daming;WANG Jin;WANG Songfeng;ZHANG Zhengmei(Department of Intelligent Manufacturing,Shandong Labor Vocational and Technical College,Jinan Shandong 250300,China;Key Laboratory of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of Ministry of Education,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan Shanxi 030024,China)

机构地区：[1]山东劳动职业技术学院智能制造系,山东济南250300 [2]太原理工大学,新型传感器与智能控制教育部重点实验室,山西太原030024

出　　处：《机床与液压》2025年第7期170-176,共7页Machine Tool & Hydraulics

基　　金：山西省基础研究计划项目(202203021212279);山东省教育教学研究课题项目(2023JXY150);山东省职业教育教学改革研究项目(2023262)。

摘　　要：为进一步改善电液比例方向阀的性能,提高其稳态控制精度和响应速度,将位移流量反馈原理应用于电液比例方向阀,设计一种新型方向阀。对其动静态数学模型进行理论分析,在开环控制的基础上,增设主阀芯位移传感器,构成电闭环控制方案。基于模型仿真方法对比研究两种控制方案,并分析影响阀动态性能的主要因素,从而优化其结构参数。结果表明:该阀结构设计合理,开环控制时也能获得良好的动静态特性,工作频宽约为7 Hz;电闭环控制可有效抑制主阀芯上的液动力、摩擦力等干扰,消除控制死区,显著改善其静态和动态响应品质,工作频宽可达18 Hz;节流阀槽面积梯度对阀动静态性能具有双重影响,增大面积梯度,会加快动态响应速度,但会导致通流能力降低;阀芯面积比是影响动态响应的关键因素,增大面积比,可提升动态响应速度,但面积比过大会导致超调量增加。理论研究和仿真分析验证了新阀设计方案的可行性。In order to further improve the performance of electro-hydraulic proportional directional valve and increase the steady-state control accuracy and response speed,a new type of directional valve was designed by adopting the principle of displacement flow feedback.The dynamic and static mathematical models were firstly analyzed theoretically.On the basis of open-loop control,the main spool displacement sensor was added to constitute an electrically closed-loop control scheme.Based on the model simulation method,the two control schemes were compared,and the main factors affecting the dynamic performance of the valve were analyzed,and the structural parameters were optimized.The results show that thevalve can obtain good steady state and dynamic characteristics even under open-loop control,with an operating bandwidth of about 7 Hz.The electric closed-loop control can effectively inhibit the hydrodynamic force,friction and other interference on the main spool,eliminate the control dead zone,and significantly improve the quality of its static and dynamic response,with an operating bandwidth of up to 18 Hz.The area gradient of the throttle groove has a dual effect on the dynamic and static performance of the valve.Increasing the area gradient will accelerate the dynamic response speed,but it will lead to a reduction in the through-flow capacity.The area ratio of the spool is a key factor affecting the dynamic response.Increasing the area ratio can speed up the dynamic response,but too large area ratio will increase the overshoot.Theoretical analysis and simulation verify the feasibility of the new valve design scheme.

关 键 词：比例方向阀 位移流量反馈 开环控制 电闭环控制 动态响应 

分 类 号：TH137.5[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]