数据知识产权确权登记的规范理路与制度架构  

On Standardized Approach and Institutional Framework of the Registration for Data Intellectual Property Rights Confirmation

作　　者：刘鑫[1,2,3] LIU Xin(Zhongnan University of Economics and Law)

机构地区：[1]中南财经政法大学知识产权研究中心 [2]中南财经政法大学法学院 [3]中南财经政法大学数字法治研究院

出　　处：《华中科技大学学报(社会科学版)》2025年第2期90-98,共9页Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“数据知识产权分类分级保护的规范构造研究”(23CFX022)。

摘　　要：进行数据知识产权登记是推进数据财产确权的重要路径选择。在《数据二十条》的政策指引下,北京、浙江、山东、天津、江苏等省份先后开启了数据知识产权登记的试点探索。基于数据要素与知识产权制度的高度契合性,纳入知识产权框架并展开数据产权登记是相对合理的;而基于数据市场运营中产权明晰化的强烈诉求,立足确权效果而进行数据知识产权登记也是非常必要的。在基本范畴上,数据知识产权确权登记的适格客体标的应当是具备实用价值与合法来源的衍生性公开数据集合,并在获准登记后呈现出以持有、使用、经营为核心权能,且有一定时间性、地域性限制的专有性排他效力。在流程设计上,为推动数据知识产权确权登记机制的有序运行,应参照专利授权和商标注册等现行的知识产权确权登记模式,从登记申请审核和异议无效两个维度着手,对登记的主管机构以及登记的具体步骤予以明确设定。在此基础上,还应建构与确权登记紧密链接的保障与监管机制,从而实现对数据知识产权确权登记功能异化法律风险的有效应对。The data intellectual property registration is an important path choice to promote the confirmation of data property rights.Under the policy guidance of the Twenty Measures for Data,Beijing,Zhejiang,Shandong,Tianjin,Jiangsu and other provinces have successively launched pilot explorations for data intellectual property registration.Based on the high compatibility between data elements and the intellectual property system,it is relatively reasonable to include data property registration in the intellectual property framework;Based on the strong demand for clear property rights in data market operations,it is also necessary to register data intellectual property rights based on the effectiveness of property rights confirmation.In the basic category,the eligible object of registration for data intellectual property rights confirmation should be a derivatively disclosed data set with practical value and legal sources,and after being approved for registration,it should present exclusivity with core rights of holding,using,and operating,and have certain temporal and regional restrictions.In terms of process design,in order to promote the orderly operation of the mechanism of registration for data intellectual property rights confirmation,we should refer to the current intellectual property rights registration models such as patent registration and trademark registration,and start from the two dimensions of registration application review and objection invalidity,clearly setting the competent authority and specific steps of registration.On this basis,it is also necessary to establish a closely linked protection and supervision mechanism with the registration for data intellectual property rights confirmation to effectively respond to the legal risks of the alienation of the registration function.

关 键 词：数据知识产权 数据确权 数据产权登记 

分 类 号：D923.4[政治法律—民商法学]