“中文+职业技能”教育:办学模式、现实困境及应对策略  

The“Chinese Language+Vocational Skills”Education:Models,Challenges&Strategies

作　　者：央青[1] 李朝辉[1] 梁宇 YANG Qing;LI Zhao-hui;LIANG Yu(College of International Education,Minzu University of China 100081;Research Institute of International Chinese Education,Beijing Language University,100083)

机构地区：[1]中央民族大学国际教育学院,北京100081 [2]北京语言大学国际中文教育研究院,北京100083

出　　处：《民族教育研究》2025年第1期167-176,共10页Journal of Research on Education for Ethnic Minorities

基　　金：2022年度国家语委重点项目“‘中文+职业技能’教学资源建设研究”(项目编号:ZDI145-35);2022年国际中文教育研究课题学科一般项目资助(项目编号:22YH4FC)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：推动“中文+职业技能”融合发展,是践行共建“一带一路”的重要举措,不仅有助于国际中文教育转型升级内涵式发展、中国职业教育“走出去”、提升国际影响力,而且对推动民心相通、服务人类命运共同体构建有重要意义。本文聚焦“中文+职业技能”教育的实践问题,通过实证方法构建研究框架,探讨共建“一带一路”沿线国家先行实践中成效显著的五种办学模式。研究发现,政府统筹、行业主办、教育管理、企业参与的办学机制正在形成,双轮驱动、海内外双循环等特征显著;面临供给与需求失配、语技融合难、师资和教学资源缺乏或适切性不足等现实困境。应加强需求导向的顶层设计,构建教育教学标准体系,“政行校企院”多方联动、发挥集成效应,夯实支撑能力建设,助推“中文+职业技能”教育的高质量可持续发展。Promoting the integrated development of“Chinese language+vocational skills”is a critical strategy for implementing the Belt and Road Initiative.It not only facilitates the transformation and upgrading of international Chinese language education and the expansion of Chinese vocational education abroad,thereby enhancing its global influence,but also plays an essential role in fostering people-to-people connectivity and contributing to the construction of a community with a shared future for mankind.This paper focuses on the practical problems of“Chinese language+vocational skills”education,builds a research framework through empirical methods,and analyzes the education model with distinctive characteristics and remarkable results in the practices of countries along the Belt and Road.The study reveals that an operational mechanism characterized by government coordination,industry leadership,education management,and enterprise participation is emerging,featuring notable characteristics such as dual-driven mechanisms and dual circulation domestically and overseas.However,it faces challenges,including mismatches between supply and demand,difficulties in integrating language and skills,and a lack or insufficiency of appropriate teaching staff and resources.For the high-quality and sustainable development of“Chinese language+vocational skills”education,it is imperative to strengthen demand-oriented top-level design,establish standardized systems for education and teaching,and promote multi-party collaboration among government,industry,schools,enterprises,and research institutes to leverage integrated effects and consolidate capacity-building support.

关 键 词：中文+职业技能 多元化办学模式 语技同步 集成效应 

分 类 号：H195[语言文字—汉语]