航天遥感大模型发展综述与产业化应用展望  

Review on the Development of Aerospace Remote Sensing Foundation Models and Prospects for Their Industrial Application

作　　者：上官博屹 何颖 田路云 冯鹏铭 朱梦珂 任海艺 贺广均 SHANGGUAN Boyi;HE Ying;TIAN Luyun;FENG Pengming;ZHU Mengke;REN Haiyi;HE Guangjun(State Key Laboratory of Space Information System and Integration Application,Beijing 100095,China;Beijing Institute of Satellite Information Engineering,Beijing 100095,China;International Cooperation Center of China Aerospace,Beijing 100048,China)

机构地区：[1]空间信息体系与融合应用全国重点实验室,北京100095 [2]北京卫星信息工程研究所,北京100095 [3]中国航天科技国际交流中心,北京100048

出　　处：《上海航天(中英文)》2025年第2期9-18,共10页Aerospace Shanghai(Chinese&English)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41801291、61806018);北京市科技新星资助项目(20230484261)。

摘　　要：随着全球卫星星座建造持续升温,数据量爆炸性增长与处理能力不足已成为制约商业航天高质量发展的痛点问题。人工智能与航天遥感技术的结合虽然带动了遥感数据解译效率提升,但仍未形成与人脸识别等类似的实用化智能系统。航天遥感大模型具有通用化感知信息表达、融合、交互与生成能力,有望大幅提升遥感产品自动化生产水平,打造航天遥感产业新质生产力。以航天遥感大模型的技术发展为主线,总结当前航天遥感大模型的行业研究进展,展望其在自然资源监测、灾害应急响应、军事情报分析等领域的应用前景。针对数据、人才、算力等方面,分析航天遥感大模型面临的产业化挑战与发展策略。With the continuously intensification of global satellite constellation construction,the explosive growth of data and the insufficient processing capability have become the critical bottlenecks hindering the high-quality development of commercial space industry.Although the integration of artificial intelligence and aerospace remote sensing technology has improved the efficiency of remote sensing data interpretation,practical intelligent systems comparable to facial recognition remain underdeveloped.Aerospace remote sensing foundation models have the generalized capabilities in perceived information representation,fusion,interaction,and generation,and are expected to significantly enhance the automation of remote sensing product production and foster new productive forces in the aerospace remote sensing industry.This paper focuses on the technological evolution of aerospace remote sensing foundation models.The current research progresses in aerospace remote sensing foundation models are summarized,and the application prospects of aerospace remote sensing foundation models in the fields such as natural resource monitoring,disaster emergency response,and military intelligence analysis are explored.Additionally,the industrial challenges and development strategies of aerospace remote sensing foundation models are analyzed,particularly regarding data,talent,and computing power.

关 键 词：航天遥感 人工智能大模型 遥感智能解译 产业化应用 

分 类 号：TP75[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置] TP79[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]