航天高精度仪表角接触球轴承摩擦力矩分析及优化设计  

Friction Torque Analysis and Optimal Design of Angular Contact Ball Bearing for High-Precision Aerospace Instrument

作　　者：赵利锋 张涛 顾家铭 ZHAO Lifeng;ZHANG Tao;GU Jiaming(Shanghai Tian’an Bearing Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 201108,China;Bearing Technical Center,Shanghai Prime Machinery Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 201108,China)

机构地区：[1]上海天安轴承有限公司,上海201108 [2]上海集优机械有限公司轴承技术中心,上海201108

出　　处：《轴承》2025年第4期11-21,共11页Bearing

基　　金：科工局年度科研项目。

摘　　要：以某型号航天高精度仪表角接触球轴承为研究对象,考虑球与沟道的各种滑动,基于动力学理论和能量守恒原理建立了轴承摩擦力矩计算模型,分析了结构参数对轴承摩擦力矩大小和波动性的影响,结果表明:球径和兜孔间隙对轴承摩擦力矩的波动性影响较大,摩擦力矩的波动性随着球径和兜孔间隙增加而增加;沟曲率半径系数和引导间隙对轴承摩擦力矩的大小影响较大,摩擦力矩的大小随着内、外圈沟曲率半径系数增加而减小,随着引导间隙增加先略微减小后增加,存在最优引导间隙使摩擦力矩最小。并对结构参数进行正交优化设计,优化后的轴承摩擦力矩平均值、标准差减小,运转更稳定,证明了本文计算模型和优化设计方案的正确性。Taking a angular contact ball bearing for high-precision aerospace instrument as research object,considering various sliding between ball and raceway,a calculation model of bearing friction torque is established based on dynamic theory and energy conservation principle.The influence of structural parameters on magnitude and fluctuation of bearing friction torque is analyzed.The results show that the ball diameter and pocket clearance have a significant impact on fluctuation of bearing friction torque,and the fluctuation of friction torque increases with the increase of ball diameter and pocket clearance;the groove curvature radius coefficient and guiding clearance have a significant impact on magnitude of bearing friction torque,the magnitude of friction torque decreases with the increase of inner and outer ring groove curvature radius coefficients,and first slightly decreases and then increases with the increase of guiding clearance,there exists an optimal guiding clearance that minimizes the friction torque.The orthogonal optimization design is carried out on structural parameters,the average and standard deviation of optimized bearing friction torque are reduced,and the operation is more stable,proving the correctness of calculation model and optimal design scheme in this paper.

关 键 词：滚动轴承 角接触球轴承 摩擦力矩 疲劳寿命 动力学仿真 优化设计 

分 类 号：TH133.331[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] V441[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]