高速轻载主轴球轴承的沟道微滑摩擦特性  

Microslip Friction Characteristics of Raceways in Spindle Ball Bearings Under High-Speed and Light-Load Conditions

作　　者：蒋炳珍 曹轶杰[1] 肖建平 杨小民 JIANG Bingzhen;CAO Yijie;XIAO Jianping;YANG Xiaomin(School of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Guilin University of Aerospace Technology,Guilin 541004,China;General Structural Research Department,AECC Guiyang Engine Design Research Institute,Guiyang 550081,China)

机构地区：[1]桂林航天工业学院航空宇航学院,广西桂林541004 [2]中国航发贵阳发动机设计研究所总体结构研究部,贵阳550081

出　　处：《轴承》2025年第4期46-54,共9页Bearing

摘　　要：针对航空发动机主轴球轴承在高速轻载工况下的沟道微滑与滚动摩擦问题,假设接触面的滚动摩擦力与黏着区面积负相关,基于接触表面材料的弹性变形原理建立微滑模型,研究承载钢球在内、外沟道的滑动位移线、滑动速度线、赫兹接触应力、滑滚比及滚动摩擦力。结果表明:增大轴承转速使钢球在内、外沟道的滑动位移线和滑动速度线趋向接触应力高峰区,滚动摩擦力增大,滑动趋势增强;减小轴承径向载荷导致钢球在内沟道的微滑趋势增大,对外沟道的影响较小;转速为22000 r/min时,钢球与外沟道的滑滚比是内沟道的4.4倍;同等转速条件下,钢球与外沟道的滚动摩擦力是内沟道的7~13倍;径向载荷为50 N时,钢球与外沟道的滚动摩擦力是内沟道的7.6倍,钢球在外沟道更易于整体滑动和微滑磨损。Aimed at the problems of microslip and rolling friction of raceways in spindle ball bearings for aero-engines under high-speed and light-load conditions,assuming that the rolling friction force of contact surfaces is negatively correlated with sticking area,a microslip model is established based on principle of elastic deformation of contact surface materials.The sliding displacement,sliding velocity,Hertzian contact stress,slipping-rolling ratio and rolling friction force of loaded steel ball in inner and outer raceways are investigated.The results show that the sliding displacement line and sliding velocity line of steel ball in inner and outer raceways tend to peak area of contact stress with the increase of rotational speed of the bearings,thus the rolling friction force increases and the sliding tendency strengthens;with the reduction of radial load of the bearings,the microslip tendency of steel ball in inner raceway becomes significant,while the effect on outer raceway is negligible;when the rotational speed is 22000 r/min,the slipping-rolling ratio between steel ball and outer raceway is 4.4 times that of inner raceway;under same rotational speed,the rolling friction force between steel ball and outer raceway is 7~13 times that of inner raceway;when the radial load is 50 N,the rolling friction force between steel ball and outer raceway is 7.6 times that of inner raceway,and the steel ball in outer raceway is more prone to overall slip and microslip wear.

关 键 词：滚动轴承 主轴轴承 航空发动机 沟道 滚动摩擦 微滑 

分 类 号：TH133.33[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TH117