关于抗战时期中美财经关系的思考  

Reflections on Sino-American Financial RelationsDuring the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression

作　　者：吴景平[1] 杜薇 WU Jing-ping;DU Wei

机构地区：[1]复旦大学历史系

出　　处：《河北学刊》2025年第3期24-29,共6页Hebei Academic Journal

摘　　要：九一八事变后,面临来自日本不断加强的侵略扩张压力,国民政府在开展大国外交的过程中一直希望获得外来的财经支持。这期间,国民政府先后将德国、苏联作为寻求支持的外交对象,并对从英国获得财经援助抱有很大希望。待到1937年全面抗战爆发,随着争取欧洲大国新的财经援助的难度越来越大,努力发展对美财经关系便成为全面抗战时期国民政府的外交重点。在战时中美财经关系中,双方的合作是主流,是贯穿始终的趋势。当然,双方均希望达到商业利益最大化和风险最小化,这就必然导致博弈与合作并存。而战时中美在财经领域的博弈虽然趋于常态化,有时甚至会发生较大的分歧和冲突,但这些分歧冲突的程度和性质均不同于“剑拔弩张”。亦即,在全面抗战时期中美关系的全局中,财经领域的合作是极为重要的基础,这既是中美财经关系的基本面,也是中美关系全局的基本面。Following the September 18th Incident,faced with escalating aggression and expansionist pressure from Japan,the Nationalist government sought foreign financial support as part of its great-power diplomacy.During this period,the Nationalist government initially turned to Germany and the Soviet Union for assistance and held high hopes for financial aid from Britain.However,after the full-scale outbreak of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression in 1937,securing new financial assistance from European powers became increasingly difficult,prompting the Nationalist government to prioritize developing financial relations with the United States.In wartime Sino-American financial relations,cooperation was the dominant and consistent trend.Nevertheless,both sides sought to maximize commercial benefits while minimizing risks,inevitably leading to a dynamic of both competition and collaboration.Although financial disputes between China and the U.S.during the war became routine-sometimes even escalating into significant disagreements and conflicts-the intensity and nature of these disputes never reached a level of hostility.In other words,financial cooperation served as a crucial foundation for overall Sino-American relations during the war,defining the fundamental nature of both Sino-American financial ties and the broader bilateral relationship during the war.

关 键 词：抗日战争 抗战时期 中美关系 财经合作 博弈 

分 类 号：K265[历史地理—历史学]